学习的概念意涵演进与辨析  

Evolution and Differentiation of Learning Conceptual Implications

作　　者：张婉莹 ZHANG Wanying(Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学,北京100875

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2024年第1期1-7,共7页Modern Education Science

基　　金：全国教育科学“十四五”规划2022年度国家青年课题“社会情感能力视角下乡村学生校园欺凌的防治研究”(项目编号:CHA220292)。

摘　　要：“学习”一直是教育学和心理学领域关注的核心概念。在近一个世纪的研究过程中,学界始终无法对“什么是学习”做出统一的回答。从学习的“概念”与“过程”两个方面出发,对学习的意涵进行深入探究,有可能得到对“学习”概念的合理理解。“学习”概念的提出应基于4个原则:第一,有机体的生物基础是学习的起点;第二,学习是有机体的变化;第三,“互动”是学习的机制;第四,学习是过程而非结果。在此基础上,将学习视为一种复杂而动态的生命过程,涵盖了个体与其生物基础之间、个体内部、个体与环境之间的多层次互动。这在一定意义上反映了学习的全面性,更注重揭示学习如何塑造和影响个体的认知、情感和行为,为未来学习研究提供了一个更为全面和多维度的框架。The term“learning”has long been a focal point in the fields of education and psychology.Despite decades of accumulated research spanning nearly a century,the academic community has struggled to provide a unified answer to the question,“What is learning?”This study delves into the depth of the implications of learning from both the conceptual and procedural perspectives,attempting to articulate the researcher s understanding of the concept of“learning.”The study posits that the conceptualization of“learning”should be based on four principles:Firstly,The biological foundation of an organism is the starting point of learning;Secondly,Learning involves changes in the organism;Thirdly,Interaction is the mechanism of learning;Fourthly,Learning is a process rather than an outcome.Grounded in these principles,the study conceptualizes learning as a complex and dynamic life process,encompassing multilevel interactions between the individual and its biological foundation,internal processes within the individual,and interactions between the individual and the environment.This definition reflects the comprehensiveness of learning,transcending the mere acquisition of information or skill development,with a greater emphasis on how learning shapes and influences an individual s cognition,emotions and behavior.Not only does this contribute to a deeper understanding of learning but it also provides a more comprehensive and multidimensional framework for future research in the field of learning.

关 键 词：学习概念 学习过程 多层次互动 生命过程 

分 类 号：G40-01[文化科学—教育学原理]