基于“固阳为先,温运消阴”理论探析陈文中温补学术思想  

Exploration on CHEN Wenzhong’s academic thought of warming and replenishing based on the theory of strengthening Yang first,warming transport and eliminating Yin

作　　者：董小君[1] 杨珣 张琪 杨桐 古娟 丁斗[1] DONG Xiaojun

机构地区：[1]遵义医药高等专科学校,贵州遵义563006 [2]重庆市綦江区人民医院,重庆401420

出　　处：《中医临床研究》2023年第34期62-65,共4页Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：贵州省科技厅项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般587);遵义市科技局人才团队项目(遵市科合HZ字[2022]143)。

摘　　要：陈文中是南宋著名儿科医家之一,著有《小儿病源方论》和《小儿病症方论》,为儿科温阳派代表人物,精于小儿痘疹与惊风的温补治疗,遣方用药以温补见长。陈文中依“药性既温则固养元阳,冷则败伤真气”之理,认为阴阳二气虽互根互用,但在小儿时期阳气之所系为关键,以阳气为主导,故以“固阳为先”的观点解释小儿生理、病理,以及疾病的发生发展和预后状态,倡导用温性药固养小儿元阳,由于苦寒败阳而损胃,故忌苦寒伤阳之品。根据“脾胃主运化受纳”的生理特性和“脾胃本娇嫩,易于食伤”的临床证候特征,陈文中强调“脾土虚寒,温运消阴”的重要性,并结合小儿杂病的辨证论治提出“脾土宜温”的治疗大法,用药以温补为特色,在小儿临证用药上擅长用温性药固养小儿元阳,惯用丁香、肉桂、附子、豆蔻和生姜等温补燥涩之品,并化古为用,合之经验,而成新方,如十一味木香散、七味肉豆蔻丸和参芪托里散等方,达温运消阴之功。陈文中学术思想有别于往昔寒凉峻攻之法,而别具一格,补痘疮与惊风温补治疗之不足,促进了儿科温补学派之发展,对后世中医儿科学影响颇为深远。CHEN Wenzhong,one of the famous pediatricians in the Southern Song Dynasty,is the author of Xiaoer Bingyuan Fanglun(《小儿病源方论》)and Xiaoer Bingzheng Fanglun(《小儿病症方论》),and a representative of the pediatric warmYang(温阳)school.CHEN Wenzhong was skilled in the treatment of pediatric exanthema variolosum and convulsion by warmtonifying method,and the prescription was mainly used for warming and nourishing.According to the principle of strengthening Yuanyang(元阳)with warm medicine to thaw injured genuine Qi(气)caused by cold,CHEN Wenzhong believes that although Yin(阴)and Yang(阳)are mutually used,Yang Qi is the key in childhood.Therefore,CHEN Wenzhong explained the physiology and pathology of children,as well as the development and prognosis of diseases from the viewpoint of strengthening Yang firstly,and advocated the use of warm medicines to strengthen Yuanyang in children.Because bitter-cold medicines defeat Yang and damage the stomach,it is avoided to use bittercold medicines.According to the physiological characteristics of the spleen and stomach are in charge of transportation and receiving and the clinical characteristics of the spleen and stomach are delicate and easy to be injured by food,CHEN Wenzhong emphasized the importance of the theory of strengthening Yang to eliminate cold in the spleen and stomach,and proposed treating pediatric miscellaneous diseases by warming spleen method based on syndrome differentiation.The medication rule was characterized by warming and tonifying.In the clinical practice for children,CHEN Wenzhong was good at using warm medicines to strengthen Yuanyang in children.Warm and astringent medicines such as Dingxiang(Flos Caryophylli),Rougui(Cortex Cinnamomi),Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata),Doukou(Semen Myristicae)and Shengjiang(Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens)were used by CHEN Wenzhong,and new prescriptions such as Shiyiwei Muxiang San(十一味木香散),Qiwei Roudoukou Wan(七味肉豆蔻丸)and Shenqi Tuoli San(参芪托里散)were estab

关 键 词：小儿痘疹 温补法 学术思想 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论]