连铸浇注过程滑动水口开度控制及喷钢分析  

Opening control of slide gate in continuous casting and analysis of steel spraying

作　　者：张育萌 程树森[1] 冯永平 李积鹏[2] ZHANG Yumeng;CHENG Shusen;FENG Yongping;LI Jipeng(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Carbon Steel and Thin Plate Plant,Jiuquan lron and Steel(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Jiayuguan 735100,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司碳钢薄板厂,甘肃嘉峪关735100

出　　处：《中国冶金》2023年第12期56-65,共10页China Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62071034)。

摘　　要：为改善钢包滑动水口反馈控制存在的滞后问题,基于伯努利原理研究了影响滑动水口开度的因素,提出水口开度前馈-反馈控制方案;分析了换包初期长水口与下水口接缝位置的喷钢原因及影响因素。结果表明,在恒拉速条件下,钢包液位逐渐降低,为了稳定中间包液面高度,需要增加滑动水口开度;减小滑动水口及长水口直径、增大水口吹氩速度均会增加钢液流经水口时的压力损失,而长水口浸入深度对钢液压力损失没有影响。开浇时,长水口内气体受钢液压缩及加热影响而压力增大,导致喷钢。采用喇叭型长水口及减小浸入深度可以使得水口内压力变小,降低喷钢现象发生的概率。本研究对实现滑动水口开度的在线实时稳定控制、提高中间包液面稳定性以及提高钢液质量有重要作用。Factors affecting the opening of slide gate was studied based on Bernoulli's principle,and a feedforward-feedback control scheme of the slide gate was proposed to reduce the hysteresis problem of ladle slide gate feedback control.Meanwhile,the reasons and influencing factors of steel spraying at the joint position of ladle shroud and collective nozzle in the initial teeming stage after the ladle change were analyzed.The results show that the liquid level of ladle decreases gradually under constant casting speed.The opening of slide gate should be increased to stabilize the height of liquid level in the tundish.Reducing the diameter of slide gate and ladle shroud and increasing the argon blowing rate will increase the pressure loss when the molten steel flows through the slide gate,but the immersion depth of the ladle shroud does not affect the pressure loss of molten steel.At the beginning of casting,the gas in the ladle shroud is compressed and heated by the molten steel,so its pressure increases,resulting in steel spraying.Using a trumpet ladle shroud and reducing the immersion depth can make the pressure in the nozzle smaller and reduce the occurrence of steel spraying.This study plays an important role in realizing online real-time stable control of slide gate opening to improve the stability of liquid level in the tundish and finally improve the quality of molten steel.

关 键 词：伯努利原理 连续性方程 滑动水口开度 喷钢 前馈-反馈控制 

分 类 号：TF777[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]