1986—2021年彬长矿区植被覆盖度时空变化及其影响因子  

Spatial-temporal Variation of Vegetation Coverage and Its Influencing Factors in Binchang Mining Area from 1986 to 2021

作　　者：文帆 陈秋计[1] 黄兰 王志国 Wen Fan;Chen Qiuji;Huang Lan;Wang Zhiguo(College of Geometrics,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2023年第6期304-310,323,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：陕西省软科学研究计划项目“陕西省黄河流域煤炭资源开发与生态环境协调发展研究”(2022KRM034)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析彬长矿区植被覆盖度变化特征及空间分布影响因素,判别矿区的生态状况断,为矿区复垦和生态恢复提供科学参考和理论依据。[方法]基于Google Earth Engine云平台,获取1986—2021年30 m分辨率Landsat Surface Reflectance Tier 1 Data(地表反射率数据),基于像元二分模型,采用趋势分析法、F检验等方法对彬长矿区植被覆盖度多年时空变化作出定量分析;在此基础上运用地理探测器对植被覆盖度的空间分异性进行地理因子解析。[结果](1)1986—2021年彬长矿区植被覆盖度改善状况较好,总体呈现增长趋势,平均增长率为0.64%/a;研究区多年平均植被覆盖度水平较高,中覆盖度及以上面积占87.14%,空间分布上呈现“东南高,西北低”的特点。(2)植被覆盖度变化趋势上,研究区以显著改善区域为主,其面积所占比例为56.65%,但仍有些许地区植被显著退化,主要集中在靠近城市河流道路区域。(3)各因子对植被覆盖度的影响大小排序为:坡度>高程>年降水>GDP>人口密度>年均温>植被类型>土壤类型,坡度与年降水交互作用对植被覆盖度空间分异性影响最强。[结论] 1986—2021年彬长矿区植被覆盖状况良好,整体呈现显著增长趋势,植被改善情况明显,坡度为影响研究区植被覆盖度空间分异性的主导因子。[Objective] The change characteristics and influencing factors of vegetation coverage and its spatial distribution in the Binchang mining area were analyzed,and the ecological status of the mining area was evaluated in order to provide a scientific reference and theoretical basis for reclamation and ecological restoration of the mining area.[Methods] Landsat Surface Reflectance Tier 1 data(30 m resolution) from 1986 to 2021 were obtained from the Google Earth Engine cloud platform.Based on a pixel binary model,the trend analysis method and F-test were used to quantitatively analyze the temporal and spatial variation of vegetation coverage in the Binchang mining area over many years.Geodetector was used to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation coverage.[Results](1) Vegetation coverage in the Binchang mining area increased from 1986 to 2021,and the overall growth trend was good(average growth rate of 0.64%/a).The average multi-year vegetation coverage in the study area was relatively high,with the area of medium coverage and greater accounting for 87.14% of the total area.The spatial distribution was characterized as “higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest”.(2) In terms of the change trend of vegetation coverage,the study area was dominated by significantly improved areas,accounting for 56.65% of the total area.However,there were still some areas with significant vegetation degradation,mainly concentrated in the area near urban river roads.(3) The factors influencing vegetation coverage followed the order of slope > elevation > annual precipitation > GDP> population density > annual average temperature > vegetation type > soil type.The interaction between slope and annual precipitation had the strongest influence on the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation coverage.[Conclusion] From 1986 to 2021,the vegetation coverage in the Binchang mining area was good,showing a significant growth trend as a whole,and the vegetation improvement was obvious.The dominant factor affecting the spatial hetero

关 键 词：植被覆盖度 彬长矿区 Google Earth Engine(GEE) 地理探测器 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TD88[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]