转子叶片低介入叶端定时测量技术  

Low-Intervention Tip Timing Measurement Technology for Rotating Blade

作　　者：曹佳辉 陈雪峰[1,2] 杨志勃[1,2] 田绍华[1,2] CAO Jiahui;CHEN Xuefeng;YANG Zhibo;TIAN Shaohua(Natiomal Key Lab of Aerospace Power Sysem and Plasma Techmoloey,Xi'an Jiaotong Univenity,Xi'an 710049,Ching;School of Mechamieal Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong Univenity,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学航空动力系统与等离子体技术全国重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《测控技术》2024年第1期37-49,共13页Measurement & Control Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(92060302,52222504);陕西省杰出青年科学基金项目(2021JC-04)。

摘　　要：转子叶片是航空发动机与燃气轮机关键但易损的零件,叶端定时作为一种非接触式振动测量技术,被认为是发动机叶片监测的有效手段。叶端定时测量需在机匣上安装叶端定时传感器,受增重、安全、安装等因素制约,必须以安装最少数量传感器为前提条件开展测试。因此,减少传感器数量,开发低介入测量技术对于叶端定时的实际应用具有重要意义。围绕少传感、低介入需求,提出了基于主动混叠和解混叠的双传感测量方法和基于采样-混叠频率分布的单传感测量方法,以克服少传感测量信号严重欠采样的问题。分别对匀速和变速工况下叶端定时叶尖振动参数(固有频率、激励阶次等)进行辨识。所提出的单/双传感低介入方法均遵循以“混叠利用”代替“混叠抑制”的思想,为以叶端定时在内的欠采样信号分析提供了新思路。在此基础上总结出低介入叶端定时测量理论,分析了少传感测量所须遵循的基本原则。仿真分析和实验分析验证了所提出的低介入测量方法的有效性。The rotating blade is a key but vulnerable component of aeroengines and gas turbines,and the blade end timing is used as a non-contact vibration measurement technique,which is The rotating blade is a key but vulnerable component of aeroengines and gas turbines,and the blade end timing is used as a non-contact vibration measurement technique,which is considered an effective means of monitoring engine blades.The blade end timing measurement requires installation sensor on the casing,due to factors such as weight gain,safety,and installation,testing must be carried out with the minimum number of sensors installed as a prerequisite.Therefore,reducing the number of sensors and developing low interventional measurement technology are of great significance for the practical application of blade end timing.Focusing on the demand for less sensing and low intervention,the double-sensor measurement method based on active aliasing and de-aliasing and the single-sensor measurement method based on sampling-aliasing frequency distribution are proposed in order to overcome the server undersampling problem caused by few sensors measurement.The vibration parameters(natural frequency,excitation order,etc.)of the timing tip of the blade end are identified both the condition of constant speed and variable speed respectively.The proposed single/dual sensing low intervention methods all follow the idea of using"aliasing utilization"instead of"aliasing suppression",which includes the underestimation of blade end timing.It will provide a new idea for undersampling signal analysis of the timing of the blade end.On this basis,the theory of low intervention blade end timing measurement is summarized,and the required compliance principle of low sensing measurement is analyzed.The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulations and experiments.

关 键 词：旋转叶片 叶端定时 低介入 欠采样 频率辨识 

分 类 号：TP29[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TN911[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]