近视儿童泪膜稳定性及睑板腺形态的临床特点  

Tear film stability and tarsal gland morphological characteristics in myopic children

作　　者：史沛艳 李金凤 张丹丹 马小曼 翟朝霞 孙政 葛金玲 SHI Peiyan;LI Jinfeng;ZHANG Dandan;MA Xiaoman;ZHAI Zhaoxia;SUN Zheng;GE Jinling(Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospitial,Jinan 250200,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]济南明水眼科医院,山东省济南市250200

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2024年第2期139-142,共4页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：章丘区科技创新发展计划(编号:20212012)。

摘　　要：目的评估近视儿童泪膜稳定性及睑板腺形态的临床特点。方法前瞻性描述性研究。选取2021年11月至2022年11月于济南明水眼科医院小儿眼科屈光门诊进行屈光检查的近视儿童,依次进行眼表疾病指数量表(OSDI)问卷调查,OCULUS Keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪测量泪河高度(TMH)、首次泪膜破裂时间(NIf-BUT)和睑板腺照相,对睑板腺萎缩和弯曲情况进行评分,分析近视儿童泪膜稳定性及睑板腺形态的临床特点。结果共纳入48例(91眼)儿童,男27例(56.25%),女21例(43.75%),年龄7~16(10.25±2.23)岁。91眼中,TMH为(0.19±0.04)mm(95%CI:0.18~0.19),NIf-BUT为(5.40±2.62)s(95%CI:4.90~5.94)。TMH与NIf-BUT呈正相关(r=0.223,P=0.034)。睑板腺萎缩评分为1(0,1)分;睑板腺弯曲评分上睑为0(0,1)分、下睑为0(0,0)分,上、下睑差异有统计学意义(Z=3.692,P<0.001)。受试者中49眼(53.85%)存在腺体的萎缩,37眼(40.66%)存在腺体弯曲。年龄<12岁与≥12岁近视儿童组间TMH及NIf-BUT差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。OSDI评分<13分与≥13分近视儿童间TMH差异有统计学意义(t=2.305,P=0.026)。轻、中度近视儿童间NIf-BUT差异有统计学意义(t=2.300,P=0.024),等效球镜度与NIf-BUT呈正相关(r=0.283,P=0.023)。结论轻、中度近视儿童的眼表泪膜稳定性低,存在一定比例的睑板腺形态异常。在临床屈光门诊中,除关注儿童的屈光状态外,眼表健康同样需要关注。Objective To assess the tear film stability and morphological characteristics of the tarsal gland in myopic children.Methods In this prospective descriptive study,myopic children who performed refractive examinations in the Pediatric Ophthalmology&Refraction Clinic,Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from November 2021 to November 2022 were included.An Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire survey was carried out;tear meniscus height(TMH),noninvasive first breakup time(NIf-BUT)and images of the tarsal glands were obtained by OCULUS Keratograph 5M comprehensive ocular surface analyzer.In addition,the atrophy and tortuosity of tarsal glands were scored to analyze the tear film stability and clinical characteristics of tarsal glands in myopic children.Results A total of 48 myopic children(91 eyes)aged from 7 to 16(10.25±2.23)years were recruited,including 27 males(56.25%)and 21 females(43.75%).The average TMH was(0.19±0.04)mm(95%CI:0.18-0.19)and the average NIf-BUT was(5.40±2.62)s(95%CI:4.90-5.94);the TMH was positively correlated with NIf-BUT(r=0.223,P=0.034).The tarsal gland atrophy score was 1(0,1).The tortuosity score of the upper and lower tarsal gland was 0(0,1)and 0(0,0),respectively,with a statistically significant difference(Z=3.692,P<0.001).In all subjects,49 eyes(53.85%)had tarsal gland atrophy,and 37 eyes(40.66%)had tarsal gland tortuosity.There were significant differences in TMH and NIf-BUT between children aged<12 years and children aged≥12 years(both P<0.05).There was a significant difference in TMH between children with an OSDI score<13 and children with an OSDI score≥13(t=2.305,P=0.026).There was a significant difference in NIf-BUT between mild and moderate myopia children(t=2.300,P=0.024);the spherical equivalent was positively correlated with NIf-BUT(r=0.283,P=0.023).Conclusion Children with mild to moderate myopia show low tear film stability and a certain proportion of abnormal morphology in tarsal glands.In addition to the refractive status of children,attention should also be paid to

关 键 词：睑板腺形态 泪膜稳定性 近视 儿童 干眼 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]