北京市怀柔区乡村医生继续医学教育培训需求的定性研究  

A qualitative study on continuing medical education training needs for village doctors in Beijing Huairou district

作　　者：陈小垒 朱丹 潘朝路 王飞跃 路孝琴 杜娟 Chen Xiaolei;Zhu Dan;Pan Zhaolu;Wang Feiyue;Lu Xiaoqin;Du Juan(School of General Practice and Continuing Education,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Department of General Practice,Tiangongyuan Subdistrict Community Health Service Center of Daxing District,Beijing 102600,China;Department of General Practice,Beijing Luhe Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 101149,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学全科医学与继续教育学院,北京100069 [2]北京市大兴区天宫院街道社区卫生服务中心,北京102600 [3]首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院全科医学科,北京101149

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2024年第1期46-51,共6页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金决策咨询重点项目(20JCB004);首都医科大学2021教育教学改革研究课题(2021JYZ015)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市郊区乡村医生继续医学教育培训的需求,为完善和制定乡村医生继续医学教育相关政策提供参考依据。方法该研究为质性访谈研究。于2021年3—7月,采用目的抽样,以北京市怀柔区庙城镇、渤海镇、长哨营满族乡的15个村为调研现场,根据信息饱和原则,选取6名乡镇卫生院管理者、19名乡村医生、15名村干部和30名村民共4类人群进行面对面个人深入访谈。访谈提纲围绕继续教育培训培训方式及形式、培训内容需求、传染性突发公共卫生事件培训需求等,并通过主题框架法对访谈内容进行分析。结果19名乡村医生中,有11名表示可以参加“全脱产”的培训方式;乡镇卫生院管理者和乡村医生认为目前最理想的继续教育培训形式是集中理论授课(5/6、16/19)和门诊跟随(6/6、13/19)。最适合乡村医生的培训内容主要包括基本医疗和技能(如常见病诊疗、常见症状鉴别、防疫知识等)、公共卫生(如慢性病管理),农村中医适宜技术(如拔罐、刮痧、针刺、艾灸等)以及疫情防控相关知识(如传染病发现和上报等)。结论针对乡村医生培训,要合理安排培训方式和培训形式,制定多样化有针对性的培训内容和培训项目,提高培训的适用性。Objective To survey the continuing medical education training needs for village doctors in Beijing suburbs.Methods A qualitative study on the continuing medical education training needs for village doctors was conducted in Beijing Huairou district from March to July 2021.Six township hospital managers,19 village doctors,15 village cadres and 30 villagers from 15 villages of 3 townships in the district selected by purposive sampling method attended the face-to-face,individual,in-depth interviews.A semi-structured interview outline was developed based on literature review and expert consultation.The content of the interviews was analyzed by the thematic framework method.Results Among 19 rural doctors,11 preferred the full-time training,while 8 were unable to participate in the full-time training.Most of township hospital managers and village doctors thought the ideal form of training was"classroom knowledge teaching teaching"(5/6,16/19)and"outpatient clerkship"(6/6,13/19).The training contents for village doctors were basic medical knowledge and skills,including diagnosis and treatment of common diseases,identification of common symptoms and management of chronic diseases;the appropriate techniques of traditional Chinese medicine including acupuncture,moxibustion,cupping and scraping;and public health including epidemic prevention and control,infectious disease detection and reporting.Conclusion For improving the applicability and practicality of training for village doctors,it is necessary to apply rational training methods and forms,and develop targeted training program and contents based on training needs.

关 键 词：定性研究 乡村医生 继续医学教育 培训需求 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] C975[经济管理—劳动经济]