祖辈参与抚养对城市学龄前儿童健康相关行为的影响  

Effects of grandparent involvement in parenting on health-related behaviors among urban preschoolers

作　　者：卢一曈 邹超逸 姚昉 屠文娟[3] 江凯华[2] 高月霞[1] 陆青云[1] LU Yitong;ZOU Chaoyi;YAO Fang;TU Wenjuan;JIANG Kaihua;GAO Yuexia;LU Qingyun(Department of Maternal with Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Nantong University,Nantong(226019),Jiangsu Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南通大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学教研室,江苏226019 [2]南通大学附属常州儿童医院院部 [3]南通大学附属常州儿童医院儿童促进中心新生儿科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第12期1824-1827,1832,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81502827);2021年度江苏省妇幼健康科研项目(F2021-48)。

摘　　要：目的探讨祖辈参与抚养对城市学龄前儿童健康相关行为的影响,为不同抚养模式下学龄前儿童不良健康相关行为干预措施的制定提供依据。方法采用普查的方法,于2022年1—10月选取常州市新北区5431名3~6岁学龄前儿童为研究对象,使用问卷调查家庭基本情况和儿童健康相关行为等信息,采用χ^(2)检验探究祖辈参与的不同抚养模式下儿童健康相关行为的差异,建立多因素Logistic回归模型分析祖辈参与抚养对学龄前儿童健康行为方式的影响。结果学龄前儿童双亲抚养占51.2%,祖辈共同抚养占46.1%,完全祖辈抚养占2.7%。多因素Logistic回归分析控制了年龄、性别、家庭年收入、家庭结构后,以双亲抚养儿童为参照,祖辈共同抚养的儿童屏幕暴露时间>1 h/d(OR=0.79)发生风险降低;户外活动时间<2 h/d(OR=1.30)、睡眠时间<10 h/d(OR=1.31)、睡眠困难(OR=1.39)、不良饮食行为(OR=1.20)发生风险增加;完全祖辈抚养的儿童户外活动时间<2 h/d(OR=2.19)、不良饮食行为(OR=1.39)发生风险均增加(P值均<0.05)。结论与双亲抚养儿童相比,祖辈与父母共同抚养和完全祖辈抚养下的儿童不良健康相关行为发生率增加。应重点关注祖辈参与抚养的学龄前儿童,积极干预不良健康相关行为,促进学龄前儿童身心健康。Objective To explore the effects of grandparent involvement in parenting on health-related behaviors among urban preschool children,so as to provide a basis for the development of interventions for unhealthy behaviors among preschool children with different parenting pattern.Methods A total of 5431 preschool children aged 3-6 years old in Xinbei District,Changzhou City,were selected by census method during January to October,2022.General household characteristics and health-related behaviors of children were investigated by questionnaires,and the differences in health-related behaviors with different parenting pattern involving grandparents were explored by theχ^(2) test.A multifactorial Logistic regression model was used to analyze the effects of grandparenting on preschool children's health behaviors.Results About 51.2%of preschoolers were raised by both parents,46.1%were co-parented by grandparents,and 2.7%were raised by grandparents.After multifactorial Logistic regression analysis controlling for age,gender,annual household income,and family structure,children co-parented by grandparents had a reduced risk of screen exposure time>1 h/d(OR=0.79,P<0.05),with increased risks of outdoor activity time<2 h/d(OR=1.30,P<0.05),sleep duration<10 h/d(OR=1.31,P<0.05),sleep difficulties(OR=1.39,P<0.05)and adverse eating behaviors(OR=1.20,P<0.05),compared with children parented by both parents.Children raised by grandparents were at increased risk for outdoor activity time<2 h/d(OR=2.19)and unhealthy eating behaviors(OR=1.39)(P<0.05).Conclusions Compared with children raised by both parents,the incidence of unhealthy behaviors is increased in children raised by parents and grandparents and in children raised by full grandparents.Active intervention should be focused on unhealthy behaviors of preschool children with pareting involving grandparents to promote the physical and mental health of preschool children.

关 键 词：祖辈 儿童抚养 健康行为 回归分析 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R193[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]