聚苯乙烯纳米塑料对太平洋纺锤水蚤的毒性作用与机制  

Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of Polystyrene Nanoplastics on Acartia pacifica

作　　者：刘星辰 周超 徐艳格 张鸿博 LIU Xingchen;ZHOU Chao;XU Yange(School of Marine Science and Technology of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022;National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]浙江海洋大学国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期487-493,502,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：舟山市科技局“浙江海洋大学科技专项”(2019C21095);浙江省自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(LQ18D060006);国家自然科学基金重点国际(地区)合作研究项目(42020104009)。

摘　　要：以纳米级的聚苯乙烯作为胁迫对象,探究了东海区优势桡足类太平洋纺锤水蚤在不同浓度纳米聚苯乙烯胁迫下的生殖毒性及摄食影响。研究表明,纳米聚苯乙烯胁迫下水蚤的48 h急性半数致死浓度(48 h-LC50)为10.5 mg·L^(-1),7 d半慢性半数致死浓度(7 d-LC50)为7.2 mg·L^(-1)(约为环境浓度的7000倍)。以环境浓度(1.0μg·L^(-1))为基准,慢性生殖毒性研究发现,环境浓度纳米聚苯乙烯胁迫下水蚤的各项生理指标未呈现显著变化,但7 d-LC50和2(7 d-LC50)组胁迫后水蚤的各项生理指标均显著降低(P<0.05),其中7 d-LC50组的水蚤平均产卵量最低降至3.5枚,平均孵化率最低降至36.1%,平均排便量最低降至58.7个;2(7 d-LC50)组的水蚤平均产卵量最低降至2枚,平均孵化率最低降至25.3%,平均排便量最低降至38.2个,并存在浓度和时间依赖效应。另外,纳米聚苯乙烯胁迫下太平洋纺锤水蚤的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)酶活水平呈现为先促进后抑制的趋势,并在72 h达到峰值,其中7 d-LC50组的酶活水平为(75.4±4.3)U·mgprot^(-1);2(7 d-LC50)组的酶活水平为(86.2±4.1)U·mgprot^(-1)。同时应激相关热休克蛋白Hsp70基因的表达水平也在72 h时表达水平显著升高,此时7 d-LC50组的Hsp70基因表达量较对照组显著增加了约30倍;2(7 d-LC50)组较对照组显著增加了约15倍(P<0.05)。因此太平洋纺锤水蚤对高浓度的纳米聚苯乙烯具有显著的生理响应,并可能干扰水蚤的肠道功能、卵巢功能、抗氧化系统等。该研究将为揭示纳米塑料对海洋浮游生物的毒性效应研究提供科学依据。Due to the current status of plastic pollution in the world,the impact of small and medium-sized plastic particles in the marine environment has become a hot topic of research.However,the toxic effects of nano-plastics on marine copepods and the related mechanisms are still unclear.The reproductive toxicity and feeding effects of the dominant Acartia pacifica under the stress of different concentration of nanopolystyrene were investigated by using fluorescent nanopolystyrene as the research object.The results showed that the acute half-effect concentration was 10.5 mg·L^(-1) at 48 h,and the sub-chronic half-effect concentration was 7.2 mg·L^(-1) at 7 d(about 7000 times of the ambient concentration).Based on environmental concentration,chronic reproductive toxicity studies showed that the physiological indexes of copepods were not significantly changed under environmental concentration nanopolystyrene stress,but the physiological indexes of copepods were significantly decreased after 7 d-LC50 and 2(7 d-LC50)group nanopolystyrene stress(P<0.05).The average number of eggs laid by A.pacifica in 7 d-LC50 group was reduced to 3.5,the average hatching rate to 36.1%,and the average defecation number to 58.7.The average number of eggs laid by A.pacifica in the 2(7 d-LC50)group was reduced to 2,the average hatching rate to 25.3%,and the average defecation volume to 38.2.There were concentration and time dependent effects.In addition,under nPS stress,the activity level of superoxide dismutase(SOD)was promoted first and then inhibited,and reached the peak at 72 h,in which the activity level of 7 d-LC50 group was(75.4±4.3)U·mgprot^(-1).The enzyme activity level of 2(7 d-LC50)group was(86.2±4.1)U·mgprot^(-1).At the same time,the expression level of stress-related heat shock protein Hsp70 gene was also significantly increased at 72 h,and the expression level of Hsp70 gene in 7 d-LC50 group was significantly increased by about 30 times compared with the control group.The 2(7 d-LC50)group was significantly increased by abou

关 键 词：纳米塑料 聚苯乙烯 桡足类 生态毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X503.22