四川省16家大型禽类养殖场抗生素残留调查和细菌耐药性分析  

Investigation of Antibiotic Residues and Analysis of Bacterial Resistance in 16 Large Poultry Farms in Sichuan Province

作　　者：吕华 刘玲[1] 宋涛 林家富[1] 褚以文[1] 刘蒙 沙菁洲 周雅靓 程涛 吴怡 张力 杨嵩 马兴换 LYU Hua;LIU Ling;SONG Tao;LIN Jiafu;CHU Yiwen;LIU Meng;SHA Jingzhou;ZHOU Yaliang;CHENG Tao;WU Yi;ZHANG Li;YANG Song;MA Xinghuan(Antibiotic Research and Re‐Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;Sichuan Solid Waste and Chemical Management Center,Chengdu 610032,China;West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Sichuan Agricultural Ecological Resources Protection Center,Chengdu 610041,China;Weishan Third People’s Hospital,Weishan,Shandong Province 277600,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学抗生素研究与再评价四川省重点实验室,成都610106 [2]四川省固体废物与化学品管理中心,成都610032 [3]四川大学华西医院,成都610041 [4]四川省生态环境科学研究院,成都610041 [5]四川省农业生态资源保护中心,成都610041 [6]微山县第三人民医院,山东微山277600

出　　处：《四川动物》2024年第1期1-9,共9页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：四川省环境抗生素残留量对环境微生态的影响研究及风险预测项目(2019HB14);环境抗生素残留对细菌耐药性退化影响的机制研究项目(2022HB05)。

摘　　要：为评估禽类养殖场粪便中抗生素的残留及细菌耐药性情况,本研究以四川省16家大型规模化禽类养殖场为监测点,重点分析粪便中抗生素残留特征和肠杆菌耐药特征,并对粪便中抗生素的选择性耐药风险熵进行评估。16份粪便样品中共检出18种抗生素,抗生素检出浓度0.54~2780.00μg·kg^(−1),其中,ZJZX中多西环素检出浓度最高,达到2780.00μg·kg^(−1);抗生素的选择性耐药风险熵为0.0040~10561.13,呈现出高选择性耐药风险;其次,从粪便中共筛选鉴定出14株肠杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae细菌,均表现出多重耐药性,且有33种耐药基因被不同程度检出。畜禽粪便中磺胺类、四环素类、氯霉素类和喹诺酮类抗生素残留较为严重,且养殖环境中肠杆菌科细菌表现出多重耐药性,建议有关部门加强畜禽养殖中多西环素、氟苯尼考和恩诺沙星等抗生素的管控,同时应加强对畜禽养殖企业中肠杆菌耐药性的监控。To evaluate the presence of antibiotic residues and bacterial resistance in poultry farm manure,the characteris‐tics of antibiotic residues and Enterobacteriaceae antibiotic resistance in the poultry manure samples from 16 large-scale poultry farms in Sichuan Province were studied,and the level of antimicrobial resistance selection(RQAMR)was evaluated also.The results showed that 18 kinds of antibiotics with concentrations ranging from 0.54 to 2780.00µg·kg^(−1) were de‐tected from 16 manure samples.The residual status of sulfonamides,tetracyclines,chloramphenicols,and quinolones in livestock were relatively serious.The faeces from ZJZX farm had the highest concentration of doxycycline,which reached 2780.00µg·kg^(−1).The RQAMR ranged from 0.0040 to 10561.13,indicating a high risk of selective antibiotic re‐sistance.Moreover,14 strains of multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were isolated and identified in the manure samples,and 33 different antibiotic resistance genes were detected.It is recommended that the relevant departments should strengthen the control of antibiotics such as doxycycline,flufenicol,and enrofloxacin and improve the monitoring of Enterobacteriaceae antibiotic resistance in livestock and poultry breeding enterprises.

关 键 词：禽类养殖场 抗生素残留 风险评估 肠杆菌科 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]