基于道路网络的东莞市交通事故时空特征分析  

Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Traffic Accidents in Dongguan Based on Road Network

作　　者：杨素 何辉 陈鹏[1] 方星 YANG Su;HE Hui;CHEN Peng;FANG Xing(School for Informatics Cyber Security,People's Public Security University of China,Beijing 102600,China;Urumqi Public Security Bureau,Urumqi 830022,China;Dongguan Public Security Bureau,Dongguan 523000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学信息网络安全学院,北京102600 [2]乌鲁木齐市公安局,乌鲁木齐830022 [3]东莞市公安局,东莞523000

出　　处：《交通工程》2024年第1期32-37,44,共7页Journal of Transportation Engineering

基　　金：中国人民公安大学基本科研业务费项目(2023JKF01ZK12),北京市自然科学基金面上项目(9192022).

摘　　要：以道路网络为空间尺度,对东莞市2019-01-01—2020-12-31交通事故开展时空分析,选取洛伦兹曲线及基尼系数探讨事故聚集程度,引入事故严重程度指数Si,采用自然间断点分级法对比分析事故时空分布特征.结果表明:①交通事故在道路网络中呈现出明显聚集性,工作日多个时段呈现为热点路段,休息日中事故热点减少;②加权Si前后,事故热点分布存在差异,具体表现为工作日事故热点路段明显减少,休息日事故热点路段增多,且出现了等事故数少但事故严重程度高的路段,反映出考虑事故严重程度会得到不同时空分布特征.本文基于道路网络分析东莞市交通事故时空分布特征,为交通事故预防提供了针对性的理论参考,对改善东莞市交通状况具有一定价值.This paper adopts natural breaks classification method to carry out spatio-temporal analysis of accidents,selects Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient to mine accident aggregation characteristics of administrative division and road network,and introduces accident severity index Si,exploring the distribution of traffic accident hot spots in Dongguan from January 1st,2019 to December 31st,2020.The results show that:(1)Traffic accidents show significant clustering in the road network,and other hot sections appearing at multiple times during weekdays.At the weekend,accident hotspots decrease;(2)Before and after weighted Si,there are differences in the distribution of accident hot spots,which are manifested by significant changes in the number of accident hot spots on weekdays and weekends,as well as different hot road sections,reflecting the different spatiotemporal distribution characteristics obtained by considering the severity of accidents.This article analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of traffic accidents in Dongguan based on road network analysis,providing targeted theoretical reference for traffic accident prevention and has certain value in improving the traffic situation in Dongguan.

关 键 词：交通事故 自然间断点分级法 时空分析 事故热点 东莞市 

分 类 号：U491.31[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]