帕菲特非同一性问题的再审视——以人类生殖系基因编辑为例  

A Reflection of Parfit's Non-identity Problem:A Case Study of Germline Gene-editing

作　　者：王灵芝 周斌[1] 郝明[3] WANG Ling-zhi;ZHOU Bin;HAO Ming(School of Philosophy,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学哲学学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西医科大学汾阳学院,山西汾阳032299 [3]山西洪宇正业司法鉴定所,山西太原030002

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2023年第18期6-9,42,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2022年山西省研究生教育创新重点项目(2022Y003)。

摘　　要：非同一性问题是指当某个行为是个体存在的肇始原因时,尽管该行为对这些个体造成不可避免的伤害,但他们仍然不能抱怨受到不公正待遇。根据这一观点,部分学者认为,生殖系基因编辑并没有对被编辑个体及其由此发育而来的未来后代造成伤害。然而,由于这一论证过程存在理论适用错误及其逻辑谬误,非同一性问题无法否认生殖系基因编辑对未来后代造成的潜在伤害,因此,在实施该技术时,应该把为未来后代纳入当代人的伦理考虑范围之内。The problem of non-identity refers to a situation in which,an action being the initiating cause of an individual's existence,and despite the inevitable harm caused by the action to these individuals,they still cannot complain of being treated unfairly.According to this view,some scholars have defended the rationality of germline gene editing,arguing that the clinical use of the technology has not caused harm to the edited individuals and their future offspring.However,due to theoretical applicability errors and logical fallacies in this argumentation,the non-identity problem cannot dismiss the potential harm caused by reproductive genome editing to future generations.Therefore,in implementing this technology,ethical considerations for future generations should be incorporated into the contemporary ethical framework.

关 键 词：生殖系基因编辑 非同一性问题 比较性伤害观 代际伦理 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]