纳米结构多主元合金的力学行为及强塑化机制  

Nanostructural Multi-Principal-Element Alloys:Mechanical Properties and Toughening Mechanisms

作　　者：刘畅[1] 吴戈 吕坚[3,4] LIU Chang;WU Ge;LU Jian(Center for Alloy Innovation and Design(CAID),State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale(CAMP-Nano),State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,City University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;Shenzhen Research Institute,City University of Hong Kong,Shenzhen 518057,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室材料创新设计中心,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室微纳尺度材料行为研究中心,西安710049 [3]香港城市大学机械工程系,中国香港999077 [4]香港城市大学深圳研究院,深圳518057

出　　处：《金属学报》2024年第1期16-29,共14页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：深港科技创新合作区深圳园区项目No.HZQB-KCZYB-2020030。

摘　　要：超强高塑性合金在基础设施、航空航天、国防军工等领域中有广泛的应用需求,然而,金属的塑性通常随着强度的增加而降低,即:强度-塑性相互掣肘。本文从纳米结构多主元合金的强塑化研究存在的挑战出发,综述了剧烈塑性变形、物理气相沉积、机械合金化等纳米结构制备方法对多主元合金力学性能的影响。阐述了相关合金的跨尺度变形机制及塑性变形起源,并对未来纳米结构多主元合金的研发及机制分析进行了展望。Enhancing the strength of metallic materials has long been a primary goal for material scientists due to their significant potential for various industrial applications.However,the methods employed to increase the strength of metals often result in reduced deformation ability,leading to what is commonly termed as the strength-deformability trade-off dilemma.This paper offers a review of the advancements made in nanostructured multi-principal-element alloys(MPEAs)and discusses the challenges associated with simultaneously improving strength and deformability.This review summarizes the various common methods used to fabricate nanostructured MPEAs,including severe plastic deformation,physical vapor deposition,and mechanical alloying.In addition,this paper reviews the strengthening and deformation mechanisms intrinsic to these alloys.Finally,a brief outlook on potential future research directions for nanostructured MPEAs is provided.

关 键 词：多主元合金 纳米结构 强度 塑性 剧烈塑性变形 物理气相沉积 

分 类 号：TG139[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]