基于四杆机构拖拉机液压悬挂挂接装置设计与试验  

Design and Test of Tractor Hydraulic Suspension Hitch Based on Four-bar Mechanism

作　　者：王琳 马博帅 陈廷坤[3,4] 丛茜 WANG Lin;MA Boshuai;CHEN Tingkun;CONG Qian(State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Power Equipment,Luoyang 471039,China;China FAW Group Corporation,Research and Development Institute,Changchun 130000,China;College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education),Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]智能农业动力装备全国重点实验室,河南洛阳471039 [2]中国第一汽车集团有限公司研发总院,吉林长春130000 [3]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,吉林长春130022 [4]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《拖拉机与农用运输车》2024年第1期18-24,共7页Tractor & Farm Transporter

基　　金：智能农业动力装备全国重点实验室开放项目(SKT20022002);国机集团青年科技基金项目任务计划(QNJJ-PY-2022-25)。

摘　　要：液压悬挂系统是实现拖拉机与作业机具连接的关键部件,在拖拉机出厂前常采用人工挂接方式检测液压悬挂系统的承载性能,存在耗时长、效率低、存在安全隐患等缺陷。在不改变现有油缸加载检测装置的前提下,根据四杆运动机构设计了一种用于大中型拖拉机液压悬挂系统检测的挂接装置。结合四杆结构特点及拖拉机液压悬挂检测相关规定,分析了挂接装置的运动规律。基于四杆机构,设计了液压悬挂挂接装置,并对关键部件进行强度校核。在实验环境下,重复测试已研制液压悬挂挂接装置的挂接性能。试验表明:挂接装置的平均挂接时间为68.6 s、挂接成功率为96.7%,远低于人工挂接操作时间,并具有良好的挂接成功率。研制的液压悬挂挂接装置结构简单、性能可靠,降低拖拉机液压悬挂的检测强度、提高检测效率,为国内外拖拉机生产厂家设计一种用于拖拉机液压悬挂自动化检测系统提供依据。The tractor hydraulic suspension system is a key component of agricultural implements and tractor connection,in the tractor factory is often used to manually hook up the way to detect the load-bearing performance of the hydraulic suspension system,there are long time-consuming,low-efficiency,safety hazards and other defects.Under the premise of not changing the existing cylinder loading detection device,this paper according to the four-bar kinematic mechanism designed for large and medium-sized tractor hydraulic suspension system testing of the hook-up device.Combined with the characteristics of the four-bar structure and the relevant provisions of the tractor hydraulic suspension testing,the motion law of the hook-up device is analyzed,and the structure and working principle of the device are described.In the experimental environment,repeat testing of the developed hydraulic suspension hitch device hitch performance.The test shows that:the average hook-up time of the hook-up device is 68.6 s,a hook-up success rate of 96.7%,much lower than the manual hook-up operation time,and has a good hook-up success rate.The developed hydraulic suspension hooking device structure is simple,and reliable performance,reduces the tractor hydraulic suspension testing intensity,and improves testing efficiency,for domestic and foreign tractor manufacturers to design a tractor hydraulic suspension automated testing system to provide a basis.

关 键 词：拖拉机 液压悬挂 四杆结构 挂接装置 

分 类 号：S22[农业科学—农业机械化工程]