青海高原型牦牛GHR基因多态性与生长发育的关联性  

Correlation between GHR gene polymorphism and growth traits in Qinghai plateau yaks

作　　者：丁维芹 祁增源 刘亚倩 韩银仓[1,2] 李文浩 孙永刚 DING Weiqin;QI Zengyuan;LIU Yaqian;HAN Yincang;LI Wenhao;SUN Yonggang(Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization of Qinghai Provincial,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivore Biotechnology,College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省高原家畜遗传资源保护与创新利用重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [3]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院甘肃省草食动物生物技术重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期9-15,35,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060750);青海省科技计划项目(2019-SF-A3)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索青海高原型牦牛(Bos grunniens)生长激素受体(growth hormone receptor)基因GHR多态性及其与生长性状的关联性。【方法】以440头同等放牧条件下的30~36月龄健康牦牛为试验群体,PCR扩增其GHR基因,测序后用DNASTAR 7.1软件分析单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,研究不同基因型及其合并基因型与生长发育指标(体质量、体高、体斜长、胸围和管围)的关联性。【结果】青海高原型牦牛GHR基因上存在g.732091C>G、g.732195A>G和g.732373G>A 3个SNP位点,其中g.732195A>G上存在2种基因型(AA,AG),g.732091C>G和g.732373G>A上各存在3种基因型(分别为CC、CG、GG和GA、AA、GG);卡方检验表明,g.732091C>G、g.732195A>G和g.732373G>A均处于Hardy-Weinberg极度不平衡状态,且g.732195A>G为低度多态(PIC<0.25),g.732091C>G和g.732373G>A为中度多态(0.25<PIC<0.50)。与生长性状的关联性分析发现,g.732091C>G、g.732195A>G和g.732373G>A能够显著或极显著影响高原型牦牛的体质量和胸围,优势基因型分别为g.732091C>G和g.732373G>A的GG以及g.732195A>G的AA。对合并基因型分析发现,合并基因型GG-AA-GG个体的生长发育尤其是体斜长表现最佳。【结论】青海高原型牦牛GHR基因有3个SNP位点,因其与青海高原型牦牛的部分生长性状相关,可作为牦牛分子标记辅助选择的候选基因。【Objective】This study explored the relationship between GHR gene polymorphism and growth traits of Qinghai plateau yaks.【Method】The GHR gene was amplified by PCR in a test population of 440 healthy yaks at the ages of 30-36 months under same grazing conditions,before being sequenced and analyzed for SNPs using DNASTAR 7.1 software.The association between different genotypes and their combined genotypes with growth and development indicators(body mass,body height,body slope length,chest circumference and tube circumference)was then analyzed.【Result】Three SNPs of g.732091C>G,g.732195A>G and g.732373G>A existed on the GHR gene of Qinghai plateau yaks,where two genotypes(AA and AG)presented on g.732195A>G and three genotypes presented on g.732091C>G(CC,CG and GG)and g.732373G>A(GA,AA and GG).Theχ2 test showed that g.732091C>G,g.732195A>G and g.732373G>A were in Hardy-Weinberg extreme imbalance,g.732195A>G was low polymorphic(PIC<0.25),g.732091C>G and g.732373G>A were moderately polymorphic(0.25<PIC<0.50).The association analysis with growth traits revealed that g.732091C>G,g.732195A>G and g.732373G>A could significantly or highly significantly affect body weight and chest circumference in plateau yaks,and the dominant genotype was GG for g.732091C>G and g.732373G>A and AA for g.732195A>G.The combined genotype GG-AA-GG individuals showed the best growth and development,especially in body slope length.【Conclusion】There were three SNPs in the GHR gene of Qinghai plateau yaks.Because of the association with some growth traits,it could be used as candidate genes for molecular marker-assisted selection in yaks.

关 键 词：高原型牦牛 GHR基因 SNP位点 基因多态性 合并基因型 

分 类 号：S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学]