11~12岁儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭项目效果评价  

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the First Permanent Molar Pit and Fissure Sealing Project in Children Aged 11 to 12 Years Old

作　　者：郭俊博 文靖 GUO Junbo;WEN Jing(Guangzhou Panyu District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Guangzhou 511400,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市番禺区中医院,广州511400

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2024年第4期17-21,共5页Guide of China Medicine

基　　金：广州市番禺区科技计划项目(2023-Z04-009)。

摘　　要：目的 分析窝沟封闭3年和4年第一恒磨牙封闭剂情况及患龋状况,评价11~12岁儿童窝沟封闭项目的防龋效果。方法采用整群抽样方法,将2019年和2020年参与免费窝沟封闭项目的番禺市桥东区6所小学纳入研究,分别以接受窝沟封闭项目3年后的儿童532名、4年后的儿童480名作为封闭组,以同班级窝沟符合适应证,因牙龈未完全退缩而未行封闭的儿童434名和365名作为未封闭组,分析封闭剂保留情况及患龋状况。结合问卷调查已封闭儿童的项目外复查情况。结果 封闭组窝沟封闭3年和4年后封闭剂保留率分别为89.12%、85.71%,随时间递增而下降(P<0.05);部分保留率上颌高于下颌(P<0.05);咬合面封闭剂保留率均高于颊/舌面(P<0.05)。封闭组儿童的龋病发病率、龋齿检出率、龋均低于未封闭组(P<0.05)。龋齿的降低率分别可达63.77%和64.30%。封闭后主动到医疗机构复检者不足25%。结论 窝沟封闭项目的长期效果显著,能有效降低接受了封闭的11~12岁儿童第一恒磨牙的患龋风险。Objective To evaluate the caries prevention effect of pit and fissure sealing in children aged 11 to 12 years old by analyzing the caries status and the condition of sealant on the first permanent molar after 3 years and 4 years of pit and fissure sealing.Methods Using cluster sampling method,Children of six primary schools in ShiQiao Eastern District of Panyu,which participated in the free pit and fissure sealing project in 2019 and 2020,were included in the study.532 children who received the project 3 years ago and 480 children who received it 4 years ago were selected as the sealing group.A total of 434 and 365 children each in the same class whose pits and fissures were fit for indication but without receive sealing by the gums were not completely receded as the no-sealing group were selected to analyze sealant and caries status.Adopt questionnaire survey to investigate the condition of additional re-examination of the children who received the sealing.Results In the sealing group,after 3 and 4 years of the sealing,the reservation rate of sealant(89.12%vs.85.71%)was decreased with time(P<0.05);Partial retention was higher in the maxilla than in the mandible(P<0.05);retention of sealant was higher in all occlusal surfaces than in the buccal/lingual surfaces(P<0.05).In the sealing,the incidence of caries,the detection rate of caries,and the DMFT,were Significantly lower than those in the no-sealing group(P<0.05).The reduction rates of dental caries can reach 63.77%and 64.30%.Less than 25%of the children who were sealed took the initiative to go to medical institutions for re-examination.Conclusions The long-term effect of the pit and fissure sealing project is significant,which can effectively reduce the risk of caries in the first permanent molar of children aged 11-12 who have undergone sealing.

关 键 词：儿童 第一恒磨牙 龋病 窝沟封闭 复查 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]