基于排队论降低大学食堂人流密度的策略研究  

Strategy study on reducing the crowd density of university canteens based on queuing theory

作　　者：周宇翔 谢亚琴[2] ZHOU Yu-xiang;XIE Ya-qin(Changwang School of Honors,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;School of Electronic Information and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学长望学院,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学电子信息与工程学院,南京210044

出　　处：《信息技术》2024年第1期37-43,51,共8页Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62001238)。

摘　　要：基于排队论的基本理论,将就餐高峰期食堂里的整体人流分为排队人数与就餐人数两部分,分别分析其对应的流动机理,建立到达食堂的用户服从泊松分布的前提下,食堂人流密度的变化模型,并基于MATLAB仿真软件进行模拟,且与南京信息工程大学梅花餐厅二楼食堂的实际数据相对比来验证其合理性。在对现有食堂的人流密度进行建模和分析的基础上,提出了“分时错峰”和“鼓励打包”两种措施,仿真结果表明,在同时采取上述两种措施的情况下,人流峰值较之前降低19%,峰值持续时间降低44%,人流密度降低了约30%。Based on the basic theory of queuing theory,the overall flow of people in the canteen during the peak period of dining is divided into two parts,including the number of queues and the number of diners,the corresponding flow mechanism is analyzed separately,and the change model of the density of the canteen is established under the premise that the users who arrive at the canteen obey the Poisson distribution.Meanwhile,the simulation is based on MATLAB simulation software,and the actual data of the canteen on the second floor of the plum blossom restaurant of Nanjing university of information science and technology is compared to verify its rationality.Based on the modeling and analysis of the flow density of the existing canteen,two measures of “time-sharing peak” and “encouragement of packaging” are proposed,and the simulation results show that in the case of taking the above two measures at the same time,the peak flow is reduced by 19%,the peak duration is reduced by 44%,and the flow density is reduced by 30%.

关 键 词：排队论 泊松流 人流密度 M/M/m(n) 大学食堂 

分 类 号：O226[理学—运筹学与控制论]