贝莱斯芽胞杆菌GZ8-6对马铃薯根际土壤酶活性的影响及促生作用  

Effects of Bacillus velezensis GZ8-6 on the enzyme activities in potato rhizosphere soil and potato growth

作　　者：陈雨薇 王喜刚[2] 郭成瑾[2] 沈瑞清[2] 刘东川 CHEN Yuwei;WANG Xigang;GUO Chengjin;SHEN Ruiqing;LIU Dongchuan(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Xiji County Potato Industry Service Center,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Guyuan 756206,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,银川750002 [3]宁夏西吉县马铃薯产业服务中心,固原756206

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第1期48-55,84,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-10-01);第五批“自治区青年科技人才托举工程”(NXKJ TJGC2020027);宁夏农林科学院科技创新引导项目(NKYG-18-07);宁夏农林科学院成果转化项目(NNKZZCGZH-2021-02);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金(2020AAC03315)。

摘　　要：为探究生防菌对马铃薯根系土壤酶活性及马铃薯生长的影响。分别以马铃薯疮痂病Streptomyces scabies X-1菌液、LB液体培养基以及生防菌贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis GZ8-6发酵液对马铃薯苗进行灌根处理,测定和比较不同时间段的土壤酶活性和马铃薯生长相关指标。结果表明:X-1和贝莱斯芽胞杆菌GZ8-6处理后,马铃薯根际土壤中脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和纤维素酶的活性明显高于病原菌处理和LB液体培养基处理。X-1和GZ8-6处理后第30、60天,土壤蔗糖酶活性达到高峰,分别比病原菌处理高1.70倍和2.71倍,土壤脲酶活性在施用后第10、20天较病原菌处理分别提升了52.53%和59.48%;土壤纤维素酶和土壤过氧化氢酶活性在马铃薯生育期内呈上升-下降-上升-下降的趋势。经X-1和GZ8-6处理后马铃薯的侧根数、茎粗、地下部鲜重等各项生长指标都优于病原菌处理和培养基处理,处理后60 d株高和地下部鲜重分别较病原菌处理提高了34.65%和124.79%,茎粗较LB液体培养基处理平均增加0.53 cm。因此,生防菌处理不仅对马铃薯有促生作用,同时还能提高土壤关键酶活性。The purpose of this study was to test the effect of Bacillus velezensis on the enzyme activity of potato rhizosphere soil and potato growth.Potato seedlings were irrigated with suspension of Streptomyces scabies strain X-1,LB liquid medium and suspension of X-1 and Bacillus velezensis GZ8-6,respectively,the soil enzyme activities and the parameters related to potato growth during different time periods were measured and compared.The results showed that the activities of soil urease,sucrase,catalase and cellulase in the potato rhizosphere treated with suspension of X-1 and GZ8-6 were significantly higher than those treated with pathogen and LB liquid medium.Among which the soil sucrase activity reached the peak on day 30 and 60 after root-irrigation,1.70-fold and 2.71-fold higher than that of the pathogen treatment,respectively,the soil urease activity increased by 52.53%and 59.48%compared with pathogen treatment on day 10 and 20 after root-irrigation,and the soil cellulase and catalase activity showed a rising-falling-rising-falling trend during the potato growth period.After treated with suspension of X-1 and GZ8-6,the number of lateral root,stem width,underground weight and other growth indexes of potato were better than those treated with pathogen and LB liquid medium.The plant height and underground weight were increased by 34.65%and 124.79%compared with the pathogen treatment,60 d after root-irrigation,respectively,and the stem width was increased by 0.53 cm on average compared with the LB liquid medium treatment.Therefore,B.velezensis GZ8-6 not only promoted the growth of potato,but also improved the activity of key soil enzymes.

关 键 词：马铃薯 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌 土壤酶活性 促生作用 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]