标点符号时代性特征在佐证文件制成时间中的应用  

The Chronological Characteristics of Punctuation Marks and Their Application in Judging the Making Time of Documents

作　　者：王晓晨 欧阳国亮[1] WANG Xiaochen;OUYANG Guoliang(Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang 110854,China)

机构地区：[1]中国刑事警察学院,沈阳110854

出　　处：《刑事技术》2024年第1期93-97,共5页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L20AYY005)。

摘　　要：汉语现代标点符号自诞生以来经过多次修订调整,具有一定的时代性特征,对我国标点符号数量、形态等变化情况进行梳理,理顺其大致出现时间范围,能为某些案件中可疑文件制成时间的分析提供参考。本文基于文献研究法,对民国以来不同阶段标点符号的变化情况进行概括,然后运用实证分析法,结合具体标点符号的一些用例和现实中的案例,分析了运用标点符号时代特征佐证文件制成时间的方法路径。由于标点符号存在出现时间早晚的差异,而且有的标点符号尽管在不同年代都存在,但是形态特征和用法也略有不同,因此具有鲜明的时间指向性。标点符号的时代特征,可以揭示某些文件中标点符号与文件标称时间的矛盾性,从而对推断文件的制成时间具有一定的佐证作用,特别是适用于那些标称是民国时期或新中国成立初期的文件的检验,但在运用时要注意检材的条件、标点符号的地区差异,同时也要运用系统检验思维进行综合分析判断。Modern Chinese punctuation marks have been revised and adjusted many times since their birth,and they have certain characteristics of the times.Sorting out the changes in the number and form of punctuation marks in China since the Republic of China and clarifying their approximate time nodes can provide methods and references for the analysis and judgment of the production time when suspicious documents were made in some cases.Based on the method of literature research,the changes of punctuation marks in different period since the Republic of China were listed and summarized.Then,by using the empirical analysis method and combining with some specific use cases of punctuation mark and real cases,this paper analyzed the method and path of using the characteristics of punctuation marks to support the time of document production.As different punctuation marks appeared at different times,some punctuation marks,although they exist in different years,have slightly different morphological characteristics and usage,so they have a clear time orientation.The age characteristics of punctuation marks can reveal the contradiction between punctuation marks and the nominal time of documents in some cases,which has a certain supporting role in inferring the production time of documents.It is applicable for test those documents that were nominally made in the period of the Republic of China or the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.However,attention should be paid to the conditions of inspection materials and the regional differences of punctuation marks when using them.At the same time,systematic inspection thinking should be used for comprehensive analysis and judgment.

关 键 词：文件检验 文件制成时间 标点符号 适用范围 

分 类 号：DF794.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]