‘光谱’月季对Cd、Zn的富集特征和耐性机制  

Cd and Zn accumulation characteristics and tolerance mechanism of Rosa‘Spectra’

作　　者：俞诗音 潘淑桢 唐敏 王美仙[1] YU Shiyin;PAN Shuzhen;TANG Min;WANG Meixian(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,城乡生态环境北京实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2024年第1期48-59,共12页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31600574);北京市共建项目专项;北京林业大学建设世界一流学科和特色发展引导专项资金项目(2019XKJS0322);北京市教委科学研究与研究生培养共建科研项目(2019GJ-03)。

摘　　要：为进一步研究月季对Cd、Zn的富集特征和耐性机制,以‘光谱’月季(Rosa‘Spectra’)为研究对象,采用盆栽污染模拟试验,研究不同Cd含量(0、25、50、100、200 mg·kg^(-1))和Zn含量(0、500、1000、1500、2000 mg·kg^(-1))单一胁迫下‘光谱’月季的生物量和生理指标变化,以及重金属积累转运机制。结果表明:低含量Cd、Zn处理促进‘光谱’月季的生长,随着处理含量的增加‘,光谱’月季生长受到抑制,但都未致死。‘光谱’月季体内吸收的Cd、Zn主要积累在根系,含量分别为68.48、918.74 mg·kg^(-1),其中Cd主要以NaCl提取态存在,占比为25.19%~60.80%,Zn主要以HAc提取态和去离子水提取态存在,占比分别为20.20%~46.65%和12.69%~29.33%。随处理含量的增加,Cd、Zn处理组都提高了毒性较低的提取态占比,以减弱Cd、Zn对植物根系的毒害。根系中的Cd、Zn均主要富集在细胞碎屑组分,占比分别为55.01%~77.38%、52.35%~63.17%,其次是金属富集颗粒组分和热稳定蛋白组分。随处理含量的增加,‘光谱’月季根系内的Cd、Zn表现出向可溶性组分转移的特征。Cd、Zn处理下,‘光谱’月季根系细胞中均出现黑色颗粒物质,且其密度随着处理含量的增加而增大。根系细胞壁上与Cd、Zn结合的官能团均是羟基、氨基。研究表明,通过根部吸收限制、细胞壁固定、液泡区隔化将Cd、Zn转化为低活性的形态赋存,以及用细胞壁上的羟基、氨基提供结合位点,可能是‘光谱’月季应对Cd、Zn胁迫的重要机制。Simulated pot pollution was adopted with Rosa‘Spectra’as the research object to further study the enrichment characteristics and tolerance mechanisms of Cd and Zn in Chinese rose.The biomass and physiological indexes,as well as the mechanism of heavy metal accumulation and transport of Rosa‘Spectra’were studied under the single stress of Cd content(0,25,50,100 mg·kg^(-1),and 200 mg·kg^(-1))and Zn content(0,500,1000,1500 mg·kg^(-1),and 2000 mg·kg^(-1)).The results showed that:the treatment of low Cd and Zn content promoted the growth of Rosa‘Spectra’.With an increase in content,the growth of Rosa‘Spectra’was inhibited,but no death was caused.Cd and Zn absorbed by the Rosa‘Spectra’were mainly accumulated in the root system,with contents of 68.48 mg·kg^(-1)and 918.74 mg·kg^(-1)respectively.Cd predominately existed in NaCl-extracted forms,accounting for 25.19%-60.80%,while Zn primarily existed in HAc extracted and deionized water forms,accounting for 20.20%-46.65%,12.69%-29.33%respectively.With the increase of treatment gradients,both Cd and Zn treatment groups increased the proportion of extraction states with low toxicity,so as to weaken the toxicity of Cd and Zn in plant roots.Cd and Zn enrichment in the roots were mostly in the cellular debris fraction,accounting for 55.01%-77.38%,52.35%-63.17%respectively,and followed by the metal-rich granule and heat stable protein fractions.With the increase in treatment gradients,Cd and Zn in the root of Rosa‘Spectra’showed characteristics of transferring to soluble components.Under Cd and Zn treatment,black particulate matter appeared in root cells of Rosa‘Spectra’,and the density increased with increasing treatment gradients.The functional groups binding Cd and Zn on the root cell wall are hydroxyl and amino groups.Research shows that root absorption restriction,cell wall fixation,vacuoles segregation,conversion of Cd and Zn into less active forms,and the use of hydroxyl and amino groups on the cell wall to provide binding sites may be sig

关 键 词：‘光谱’月季 CD ZN 富集特征 耐性机制 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺] X173[农业科学—园艺学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境科学]