保水剂协同外源物添加对矿区复垦地植物生长与土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Water-Retaining Agent Combined with Exogenous Substances on Plant Growth and Soil Nutrients in Reclaimed Land of Mining Area

作　　者：孙茁恒 王东丽 赵晓亮 谢伟 郭建军 SUN Zhuo-heng;WANG Dong-li;ZHAO Xiao-liang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]内蒙古神东天隆集团股份有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第3期65-70,76,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(201701024);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金计划项目“内蒙古矿区中蒙草药生态有机培植技术研发及示范基地建设”;辽宁工程技术大学学科创新团队资助项目(LNTU20TD-01)。

摘　　要：为探究有效提高黄土区矿区复垦地的改良措施,设置未添加物与牛粪、鸡粪、绿肥、菌剂4种添加物及其对应添加保水剂10个处理,采用大田试验,通过研究不同处理下植物生长与土壤养分特征,旨在探明保水剂添加是否能够协同外源添加物对矿区复垦产生积极影响。结果表明:大部分外源添加物协同保水剂处理后可不同程度地促进黄芪的生长,保水剂协同牛粪和鸡粪施用均可促进黄芪株高和生物量的增加,而微生物菌剂施用下则相反;保水剂协同鸡粪和绿肥可增大二级根的根径。保水剂协同有机肥可增加土壤有机质与氮含量,而协同微生物菌剂处理不利于增加土壤有机质与氮含量;保水剂配施牛粪和鸡粪降低了土壤全磷含量,保水剂协同绿肥与微生物菌剂可提升土壤全磷含量,对速效磷的影响与全磷相反。综合评价分析可知,保水剂协同绿肥与菌剂对黄芪生长的促进作用较好,而且保水剂协同菌剂对土壤养分的改良作用也较好。未添加保水剂,黄芪大部分生长指标与土壤全磷、速效磷呈负相关关系;添加保水剂处理下,黄芪大部分生长指标仅与土壤全磷呈负相关关系。综上所述,保水剂协同菌剂对黄芪生长与土壤养分改善均具有较好的促进作用,但改良后土壤肥力水平仍较低,建议在实际生产中还应加大外源添加物的用量。In order to explore the effective measures to improve the reclaimed land in the loess area,this study set four additives,namely,cow dung,chicken manure,green manure and microbial inoculum,and 10 treatments with water-retaining agent.Field experiments were conducted to study the characteristics of plant growth and soil nutrients under different treatments,in order to find out whether the addition of water-retaining agent can cooperate with exogenous additives to have a positive impact on the reclamation in the mining area.The results showed that:Most exogenous additives combined with water-retaining agent can promote the growth of Astragalus mongholicus in different degrees,and water-retaining agent combined with cow dung and chicken manure can promote the increase of plant height and biomass of A.membranaceus,but the opposite is true under the application of microbial agents;Water-retaining agent combined with chicken manure and green manure can increase the root diameter of two-level roots.Water-retaining agent combined with organic fertilizer can increase soil organic matter and nitrogen content,while microbial agent treatment is not conducive to increase soil organic matter and nitrogen content;The application of water-retaining agent combined with cow manure and chicken manure decreased the total phosphorus content in soil,and the water-retaining agent combined with green manure and microbial inoculants could increase the total phosphorus content in soil,which had the opposite effect on available phosphorus.Comprehensive evaluation and analysis showed that water-retaining agent cooperated with green manure and microbial inoculum can promote the growth of A.membranaceus,and water-retaining agent cooperated with microbial inoculum can also improve soil nutrients.Without water-retaining agent,most growth indexes of A.membranaceus were negatively correlated with soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus;Under the treatment of adding water-retaining agent,most growth indexes of A.membranaceus were only negati

关 键 词：排土场 保水剂 土地复垦 冗余分析 露天煤矿 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]