不同饲养模式对贵州黑山羊生产性能、屠宰性能及肌肉和脂肪组织中膻味脂肪酸含量的影响  

Effects of different feeding patterns on performance,slaughtering performance,and content of smelly fatty acids in muscle and adipose tissue of guizhou black goats

作　　者：杨洋 袁超 粟朝芝[1] 龙勇 肖文 YANG Yang;YUAN Chao;SU Chaozhi;LONG Yong;XIAO Wen(Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,GuiYang,Guizhou Province,550005,China;Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Reproduction of Plateau Mountain Animals,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,GuiYang,Guizhou Province,550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省畜牧兽医研究所,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第2期26-30,共5页China Feed

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般112);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]重点033);贵州科技计划项目(黔科合服企[2020]4009(001));国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1100308)。

摘　　要：为研究饲养模式对贵州黑山羊生产性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及膻味脂肪酸含量的影响,试验选取了生长状况良好的平均体重为(12.68±1.32)kg的3月龄贵州黑山羊公羔羊42只,使用完全随机区组试验设计(RCBD)的方式分成放牧组和舍饲组,每组3个重复,每个重复7只,按照放牧模式和舍饲模式开展饲养试验,预饲期7d,正试期120d。结果表明,放牧组贵州黑山羊体重、平均日增重、体长、体高、胸围均低于舍饲组;舍饲组的屠宰性能(宰前活重、胴体重、胴体净肉率、净肉重、屠宰率、净肉率)均高于放牧组;舍饲组的剪切力低于放牧组,熟肉率、滴水损失高于放牧组,pH值无显著差异;放牧组4-甲基辛酸(4-methyloctanoicacid,MOA)、4-乙基辛酸(4-ethyloctanoicacid,EOA)和4-甲基壬酸(4-methylnonanoicacid,MNA)的含量在肌肉和脂肪组织中总体上低于舍饲组,但在皮下脂肪中,MNA的含量高于舍饲组。上述研究结果表明,舍饲能明显提升贵州黑山羊的生产性能、屠宰性能,但放牧能在一定程度上降低膻味脂肪酸的含量。In order to investigate the effects of feeding pattern on production performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and content of funky fatty acids of Guizhou black goats,42 3-month-old Guizhou black goat lambs with an average body weight of(12.68±1.32)kg were selected and divided into grazing group and house feeding group by complete random block design(RCBD).21 goats in each group were divided into 3 replicates and 7 goats in each replicate.The feeding experiment was carried out according to the grazing mode and the housing feeding mode.The pre-test period was 7d and the formal period was 120d.The results showed that the body weight,average daily gain,body length,body height and chest circumference of Guizhou black goats in grazing group were lower than those in house feeding group.The slaughter performance(live weight before slaughter,carcass weight,carcass net meat percentage,carcass net meat weight,slaughter percentage and meat percentage)of the house feeding group were higher than those of the grazing group.The shear force of the house feeding group was lower than that of the grazing group,and the cooked meat rate and drip loss were higher than those of the grazing group,but there was no significant difference in pH value.The contents of 4-methyloctanoic acid(MOA),4-ethyloctanoic acid(EOA)and 4-methylnonanoic acid(MNA)in muscle and adipose tissue of grazing group were lower than those of the fed group on the whole,but the contents of MNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue were higher than those of the fed group.The above results showed that house feeding could significantly improve the production performance and slaughter performance of Guizhou black goats,but grazing could reduce the content of funky fatty acids to a certain extent,which played a certain role in reducing the mutton smell of Guizhou black goats.

关 键 词：贵州黑山羊 生产性能 屠宰性能 肉品质 膻味 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]