计及SOC自恢复的混合储能平抑风电功率波动控制  

Hybrid Energy Storage Control with SOC Self-Recovery to Smooth Out Wind Power Fluctuations

作　　者：林莉[1] 林雨露 谭惠丹 贾源琦 孔宪宇 曹雅裴 Lin Li;Lin Yulu;Tan Huidan;Jia Yuanqi;Kong Xianyu;Cao Yapei(Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety National Observation and Research Station Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Shinan Power Supply Branch,Chongqing 400060,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学雪峰山能源装备安全国家野外科学观测研究站,重庆400044 [2]国网重庆市电力公司市南供电分公司,重庆400060

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第3期658-671,共14页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

摘　　要：混合储能系统能够较好地应对复杂的风电波动,有效地提高电网的稳定性和安全性。在混合储能平抑风电功率波动的典型应用场景下,该文首先提出一种计及荷电状态(SOC)自恢复的混合储能平抑风电功率波动控制方法,在满足风电平抑需求的情况下,通过模型预测控制快速调节储能在平抑功率过程中的荷电状态,提高储能持续稳定运行能力;然后,为提高混合储能系统协调运行能力,设计了加权滑动平均(WMA)-模糊控制策略对超级电容和蓄电池功率进行动态分配;最后,结合实际风电功率数据,通过仿真验证了所提策略能有效平衡储能寿命和平抑风电波动的矛盾,能充分考虑两种储能设备的特性差异并提高功率分配的合理性。The increase in penetration of new energy sources such as wind power poses a huge threat to the security and stability of the power grid operation.This paper used a hybrid energy storage system with a battery and supercapacitor to cope with the complex fluctuations of wind power.To achieve the smoothing of grid-connected power fluctuations while reducing the lifetime losses of the storage system,this paper proposed a hybrid energy storage control method taking into account the state of charge(SOC)self-recovery to smooth out wind power fluctuations,including model predictive control(MPC)to predict the target power of hybrid storages and weighted moving average(WMA)method with fuzzy control to allocate target power.This paper first established the MPC optimization target function combining SOC recovery for energy storage systems and grid-connected power fluctuation smoothing capability.To characterize the relationship between the SOC and the charge and discharge margin of the energy storage system,a charge and discharge saturation capacity function was proposed.This function was also introduced as a weighting factor into the MPC optimization target function,achieving rapid adjustment of the SOC during power smoothing and improving the long-term stable operation capability of energy storage.An improved WMA method was then proposed to distribute the MPC-predicted target power between supercapacitor and battery power.Considering the small capacity of supercapacitor which is easy to overcharge and over-discharge,the SOC of the supercapacitor at the previous moment and the change of SOC of future hybrid energy storage were taken as fuzzy control inputs.According to the different operating conditions,the fuzzy control rules were designed to dynamically adjust the WMA sliding window length d and theαweighted of past and future reference values,thus improving the adaptability of the battery and supercapacitor to different target power and different SOC.A wind-storage joint model was developed in Matlab,and the simulation

关 键 词：风电功率波动 混合储能 模型预测控制 加权滑动平均 模糊控制 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]