基于车轨耦合动力学分析的地铁e型弹条扣件疲劳寿命预测  

Fatigue Life Prediction of e-type Clip Fastener in Metro Based on Vehicle-rail Coupling Dynamics Analysis

作　　者：陈金明 钟盛华 刘逸平[2] 彭睿 李滨 杨德坚 CHEN Jin-ming;ZHONG Sheng-hua;LIU Yi-ping;PENG Rui;LI Bin;YANG De-jian(Guangzhou Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology,Guangzhou 510663,China;South China University of Technology,School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]广州计量检测技术研究院,广州510663 [2]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广州510641

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第2期766-772,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12072116);国家市场监督管理总局科技计划(2021MK130)。

摘　　要：地铁是城市交通的重要组成部分,而扣件系统是地铁轨道结构的关键部件,起到固定钢轨、减振降噪的作用。为分析地铁e型弹条扣件的疲劳性能,基于车辆轨道动力学理论,通过多体动力学软件UM建立了车轨耦合模型,研究了车辆速度、轨道不平顺类型以及曲线半径与钢轨动力学响应的关系;并通过有限元软件ABAQUS对扣件系统进行了仿真计算,将车轨耦合动力分析得到的钢轨位移作为疲劳荷载,采用应力疲劳计算的方法对弹条的疲劳寿命进行了预测和分析。结果表明:钢轨位移响应受不平顺类型和车辆速度的影响较小,而加速度响应对两者则比较敏感;轨道曲线半径的改变,对内轨位移的影响相对明显,随着半径的减小,内轨的位移时程曲线出现明显的上移,同时对加速度的影响也增大,内轨加速度峰值呈增大趋势;基于此模型计算的弹条疲劳寿命为2.14×10^(7)次,寿命最低处位于弹条后拱小圆弧段,与实际断裂位置相吻合;弹条初始安装扣压力对弹条疲劳寿命的影响很大,随着初始安装扣压力的增大,弹条的疲劳寿命不断减小,且减小的速度趋于增大,为确保弹条扣件处于良好的工作状态,初始扣压力应当控制在11~15 kN范围内。The subway is an important part of urban transportation,and the fastener system is a key component of the subway track structure,which plays a role in fixing the steel rails and reducing vibration and noise.The fatigue performance of the e-type elastic tie-plate fastening system in the subway was analyzed.Based on the theory of vehicle-track dynamics,a vehicle-track coupling model was established using the multi-body dynamics software UM,and the relationship between vehicle speed,track roughness types,curvature radius,and the dynamic response of the steel rail was studied.The fastening system was also simulated and calculated using the finite element software ABAQUS.The steel rail displacement obtained from the vehicle-track coupling dynamic analysis was used as the fatigue load,and the fatigue life of the elastic tie-plate was predicted and analyzed using stress fatigue calculation methods.The results show that the displacement response of the steel rail is less influenced by track roughness types and vehicle speed,while the acceleration response is more sensitive to both.The change of track curvature radius has a relatively obvious influence on the inner rail displacement,with a decrease in radius resulting in a noticeable upward shift of the inner rail displacement time history curve.At the same time,the effect on acceleration also increases,and the peak acceleration of the inner rail shows an increasing trend.The calculated fatigue life of the elastic tie-plate based on this model is 2.14×10^(7) cycles,with the lowest life occurring at the small arc section behind the tie-plate,which is consistent with the actual fracture location.The initial installation clamping force of the tie-plate has a significant impact on its fatigue life.As the initial clamping force increases,the fatigue life of the tie-plate continuously decreases,and the rate of decrease tends to increase.To ensure the efficient operation of the tie-plate fastening system,the initial clamping force should be controlled within the range of 11~15

关 键 词：扣件系统 e型弹条 车轨耦合动力学 疲劳寿命 

分 类 号：U213.53[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]