仿枪虾虾螯纵向混合负泊松比结构设计与耐撞性研究  

Design and crashworthiness of bionic longitudinalmixed negative Poisson’s ratio structure

作　　者：杨欣[1] 王瑞祥 许述财 秦豪毅[1,2] 宋家锋 YANG Xin;WANG Ruixiang;XU Shucai;QIN Haoyi;SONG Jiafeng(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering&Great Wall Automobile College,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Suzhou Automotive Research Institute,Tsinghua University(Xiangcheng),Suzhou 215134,China;State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Efficiency,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Key Laboratory of Engineering Bionics of Ministry of Education,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Transportation Vehicle Detection,Diagnosis and Maintenance Technology Key Laboratory of Transportation Industry,Jinan 250357,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学机电工程学院和长城汽车学院,河北保定071001 [2]清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城),江苏苏州215134 [3]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084 [4]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130022 [5]运输车辆检测、诊断与维修技术交通行业重点实验室,济南250357

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2024年第1期77-86,共10页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27);中国博士后科学基金项目(2022M721901);工程仿生教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(K202208);运输车辆检测、诊断与维修技术交通行业重点实验室开放课题(JTZL2102)。

摘　　要：为提高汽车安全防护结构耐撞性,以枪虾虾螯(大螯)作为仿生原型,通过生物实验提取虾螯微观结构,设计了24种仿生混合负泊松比吸能结构。以质量比吸能(SEA)、结构平均压溃效率(CFE)、初始峰值载荷(IPF)作为评价结构耐撞性的主要指标,借助经过验证的有限元模型对设计结构仿真模拟,经过结果数据分析确定影响结构耐撞性指标的关键参数a(胞元内凹深度),结合实际工况利用加权组合综合评价方法选出最优耐撞性结构。结果显示,当a=6.80 mm时的BCDA型混合结构耐撞性能最优,优化后SEA=3.21 kJ/kg,IPF=8.58 kN,CFE=31.29%。与单一胞元结构相比,优化后混合模型IPF最高降低35.24%,SEA最高提升35.72%,CFE有所下降,最多降低47.20%。To improve the crash-resistance of the protective structure in the automobile structures,24 energy absorption structures with bionic mixed negative Poisson’s ratio are designed by extracting the microstructure of the crayfish claw through biological experiments.Mass specific energy absorption(SEA),structural average crushing efficiency(CFE),and initial peak load(IPF)are taken as the main indexes to evaluate the crashworthiness of the structure.The validated finite element model is employed to simulate the design structure,and the key parameter a(depth of intracavity)affecting the crashworthiness of the structure is determined through the analysis of the final data.The optimal crashworthiness structure is selected by weighted combination comprehensive evaluation method according to actual working conditions.The results show when a=6.80 mm,the BCDA hybrid structure achieves the best crashworthiness,SEA=3.21 kJ/kg,IPF=8.58 kN,CFE=31.29%after optimization.Compared with the single cell structure,the optimized hybrid model decreases the IPF by 35.24%at most,increases the SEA by 35.72%,and decreases CFE by 47.20%at most.Our study may point a new direction for the design of energy absorption structures with negative Poisson’s ratio.

关 键 词：工程仿生学 纵向混合 负泊松比结构 耐撞性 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]