盐碱胁迫对荞麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Saline-alkali Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Fagopyrum esculentum

作　　者：李春花 孙墨可 吴晗 加央多拉 田娟[1] 李晗 王艳青[2] 任长忠[1] LI Chunhua;SUN Moke;WU Han;Jiayangduola;TIAN Juan;LI Han;WANG Yanqing;REN Changzhong(Jilin Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baicheng Jilin 137000,China;Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology/Key Lab of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省白城市农业科学院,吉林白城137000 [2]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所/云南省农业生物技术重点实验室/农业农村部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,昆明650205

出　　处：《种子》2023年第11期54-60,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860412);白城市指导性科技发展计划项目(202210);财政部和农业农村部:国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系(CARS-07)。

摘　　要：为了探明荞麦种子在盐碱胁迫下的萌发特性,采用培养皿纸上发芽法,用不同盐(NaCl溶液)、碱(NaHCO_(3)溶液)、复合盐碱(NaCl、NaHCO_(3)1∶1混合溶液)分别对荞麦种子进行处理,设置0(对照),50 mmol/L,100 mmol/L,150 mmol/L,200 mmol/L,250 mmol/L,300 mmol/L,350 mmol/L,400 mmol/L等9个浓度梯度,探究不同浓度盐碱胁迫对荞麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,NaCl、NaHCO_(3)、NaCl+NaHCO_(3)处理对荞麦种子萌发及幼苗生长均具有一定的抑制作用。随着盐、碱、复合盐碱浓度的升高,荞麦的发芽率、胚根长度和苗鲜重抑制作用越明显。当盐浓度大于400 mmol/L、碱浓度大于200 mmol/L、复合盐碱浓度在苦荞中大于250 mmol/L,甜荞中大于300 mmol/L时种子的萌发完全被抑制。同时,盐浓度大于150 mmol/L,碱浓度大于0 mmol/L、复合盐碱浓度在苦荞中大于50 mmol/L,甜荞中大于100 mmol/L时,均没有测量到胚根长度和苗鲜重。盐碱胁迫对荞麦种子萌发的抑制程度依次为:碱性单盐>混合盐>中性单盐。In order to explore the germination characteristics of Fagopyrum esculentum seeds under saline and alkaline stress,the petri dish paper germination method was used to treat Fagopyrum esculentum seeds with different solutions of salt(NaCl solution),alkali(NaHCO_(3)solution)composite saline and alkaline(NaCl+NaHCO_(3)1:1 mixture),respectively,and set up 0(control),50,100,150,200,250,300 and 350,400 mmol/L of 9 concentration gradient,to determine the different gradients of saline stress on seed germination and seedling growth.The results showed that NaCl,NaHCO_(3)and NaCl+NaHCO_(3)treatments all had a certain inhibitory effect on Fagopyrum esculentum seed germination and seedling growth.Germination,radicle length and seedling fresh weight of buckwheat were significantly inhibited with increasing salt,alkali and complex saline concentrations.When salt concentration greater than 400 mmol/L,alkali concentration greater than 200 mmol/L,complex saline concentration in Fagopyrum esculentum greater than 250 mmol/L,sweet buckwheat greater than 300 mmol/L,the seed germination is completely inhibited.At the same time,when salt concentration greater than 150 mmol/L,alkali concentration greater than 0 mmol/L,composite saline concentration in buckwheat greater than 50 mmol/L,sweet buckwheat greater than 100 mmol/L,the length of the embryonic root and seedling fresh weight was not measured,which could be seen that the degree of inhibition of saline stress on the buckwheat seed germination of alkaline mono-salts>mixed salts>neutral mono-salts.

关 键 词：荞麦 发芽率 NACL NaHCO_(3) NaCl+NaHCO_(3) 胁迫 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]