护士超重肥胖现状的多中心调查及其影响因素研究  

Multi-Center Survey of Overweight and Obesity Status in Nurses and Influencing Factors Study

作　　者：陈秀婉 朱海华 杨银玲[1] 林美梅[1] 陈付红[1] CHEN Xiuwan;ZHU Haihua;YANG Yinling;LIN Meimei;CHEN Fuhong(Department of Nursing,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361003,China;Dean's Office,Fudan University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Xiamen Hospital,Xiamen Fujian 361003,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院护理部,福建厦门361003 [2]复旦大学附属肿瘤医院厦门医院院长办公室,福建厦门361003

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2024年第2期13-18,共6页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：福建省卫生健康软科学研究课题(2021RKB011);福建中医药大学校管课题临床专项(XB2022188)。

摘　　要：目的调查护士超重肥胖现状,分析其影响因素,旨在为管理者制定防治方案提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2022年3—6月9所公立医院的3002名在职护士进行调查,采用体格测量与问卷调查收集身高、体质量、社会人口学特征、工作模式、饮食习惯及生活方式等资料。结果护士身体质量指数为(21.96±3.32)kg/m2,超重肥胖率为22.0%。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、性别、民族、婚姻状态、居住地、工龄、工作劳动类型、饮茶情况、喝汤情况、甜食、家禽/畜肉与水产品食用情况、运动时长的护士超重肥胖发生情况不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析显示,年龄、性别、婚姻状态、饮茶情况、运动时长是护士超重肥胖的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论护士超重肥胖率处于中等水平,管理者需关注年龄较大、男性、已婚、无饮茶习惯、缺乏运动的护士群体,采取针对性的预防与管理措施,以降低超重肥胖的发生率。Objective To investigate the status of overweight and obesity among nurses,analyze its influencing factors,and provide reference for managers to develop intervention measures.Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select 3002 in-service nurses from 9 public hospitals from March to June in 2022 for investigation.Physique measurements and questionnaires were used to collect data on height and weight,social demography characteristics,work patterns,eating habits and lifestyle.Results The body mass index of nurses was(21.96±3.32)kg/m2,and the incidence of overweight and obesity was 22.0%.The results of univariate analysis showed that the incidence of overweight and obesity was different among nurses with different age,gender,nationality,marital status,place of residence,working age,type of work,tea drinking status,soup drinking status,sweets,consumption of poultry/livestock meat status and aquatic products,and exercise duration,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age,gender,marital status,tea drinking status,and exercise duration were independent influencing factors for nurses'overweight and obesity(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of overweight and obesity in nurses is at a moderate level.Managers should focus on the elderly,male,married,non tea drinking habits,and lack of exercise nurse population,develop targeted prevention and management measures to reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity.

关 键 词：护士 超重 肥胖 职业健康 影响因素 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]