利用3种贝叶斯模型研究鱼类空间分布的影响因素——以海州湾六丝钝尾虾虎鱼为例  

Study on the influencing factors of fish spatial distribution using three Bayesian models:a case study of Amblychaeturichthys hexanema in Haizhou Bay

作　　者：沈独清 张云雷 崔晏华[1,3] 于华明 张辰宇 徐宾铎 张崇良[1,3] 纪毓鹏 薛莹[1,3] Shen Duqing;Zhang Yunei;Cui Yanhua;Yu Huaming;Zhang Chenyu;Xu Binduo;Zhang Chongiang;Ji Yupeng;Xue Ying(Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean Uni-versity of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Field Observation and Research Station of Haizhou Bay Fishery Ecosystem,Ministry of Educa-tion,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100 [3]海州湾渔业生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋学报》2023年第11期88-100,共13页

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0901204,2019YFD0901205)。

摘　　要：栖息环境是生物生存的必要条件,生物与非生物因子共同影响海洋生物的空间分布。本研究以海州湾的六丝钝尾虾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys hexanema)为例,利用3种贝叶斯模型对2013-2022年春、秋季在海州湾进行的渔业资源底拖网调查和环境监测数据进行分析,探究六丝钝尾虾虎鱼的栖息分布特征以及主要影响因子。通过比较发现,贝叶斯正则化神经网络(BRNN)模型具有较好的拟合效果和预测性能,故本研究应用该模型进行分析。研究结果显示,六丝钝尾虾虎鱼的相对资源密度与饵料生物相对资源密度呈正相关关系;随着底层水温、底层盐度、水深、捕食者和竞争者的增加,六丝钝尾虾虎鱼的相对资源密度呈现先上升或保持相对平稳,而后下降的趋势。海州湾春、秋季六丝钝尾虾虎鱼的相对资源密度均呈现自西南向东北递减的趋势,且西南近岸浅海区的资源密度较高。秋季的资源密度高于春季,同时2018年、2021年和2022年秋季六丝钝尾虾虎鱼在34.7°~36°N、121°~121.6°E之间离岸较远的海域出现了资源聚集区。本研究将有助于深入了解六丝钝尾虾虎鱼的栖息分布特征及主要影响因素,为其资源养护和科学管理提供理论依据。Habitat environment provides necessary condition for the survival of marine organisms.Biological and abiotic component jointly affect the spatial distribution of marine organisms.This study used three Bayesian mod-els to analyze the bottom trawl survey data and environmental monitoring data during spring and autumn of 2013-2022 in Haizhou Bay,in order to explore the habitat distribution characteristics of Amblychaetorichthys hex-anema and main influencing factors.It was found that the Bayesian regularized neural network(BRNN)model had good performance.Therefore,this study applied this model for analysis.The research results showed that there was a positive correlation between the relative resource density of A.hexanema and the relative density of its prey or-ganisms.With the increase of bottom temperature,bottom salinity,water depth,predators and competitors,the relat-ive density of A.hexanema rose firstly,and then declined.The relative density of A.hexanema in Haizhou Bay in spring and autumn showed a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast,and the density in the southwest coastal shallow area was relatively high.Among them,the density in autumn was higher than that in spring.At the same time,the A.hexanema in autumn of 2018,2021,and 2022 showed higher resource density in offshore waters between 34.7°-36°N and 121°-121.6°E.This study will contribute to the understanding of habitat distribution char-acteristics of A.hexanema and main influencing factors,providing a theoretical basis for the conservation and man-agement of its resource.

关 键 词：贝叶斯模型 贝叶斯正则化神经网络模型 海州湾 六丝钝尾虾虎鱼 相对资源密度 栖息分布 

分 类 号：P714.5[天文地球—海洋科学] S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]