南京市江宁区一年级新生视力和眼部生物学测量及相关影响因素分析  

An Analysis of First Grade Students'Visual Acuity,Ocular Biometric Measurements and Related Influencing Factors in Jiangning District,Nanjing City

作　　者：刘虹 杨宝晨 谷大为 张程悦 王菁 张素雅 Liu Hong;Yang Bao-chen;Gu Da-wei(Deparment of Ophthalmolo-gy,Sir Run Run Hospital,Nanjing Medical Univrsity,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属逸夫医院眼科,211100 [2]南京市中小学卫生保健所

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》2023年第4期29-31,I0011,共4页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十三五”规划重点资助课题(T-a/2018/02)。

摘　　要：目的通过对新入学儿童视力及眼部的全面检查,建立视觉发育档案。判定儿童入学视力标准,探讨影响视力发育的相关因素,探讨眼别、性别、身高体重与眼部生物学参数的相关性。方法对南京市江宁区4所小学一年级6~7岁新生,男生694人,女生619人,进行视力及眼部常规检查、屈光检查、眼球光学生物测量、身高体重测量。将测量结果记录在视力发育档案,并将数据完整的1313例纳入统计学处理。结果双眼裸眼视力均≥1.0者940例(71.59%);一眼1.0、另一眼0.8,或双眼均为0.8者共238例(18.13%);一眼0.8、另一眼0.6,或者双眼均0.6者78例(5.94%);双眼均≤0.5,无眼部器质性病变者57例(4.34%)。双眼视力均≥0.8者占90%;<0.8者占10%,其中1%无其他异常,9%有不同程度的屈光不正,近视2.6%、远视4.3%、散光2.1%。不同性别之间眼球光学生物测量结果各项差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。不同性别之间身高、体重差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论建议裸眼视力≥0.8作为入学视力标准。屈光不正是视力不达标的主要原因。眼球的生物学测量结果与身高体重发育呈正相关性,男女生比较有统计学差异。Objective By conducting comprehensive examinations of the visual acuity and ocular health of newly enrolled children,build a visual development profile.Determine the standard of vision acuity for school enrollment,explore factors affecting visual development,and investigate the correlations between eye laterality,gender,height,weight,and ocular biometric parameters.Method A prospective study was conducted on 694 male and 619 female firstgrade students aged 6~7 years from four primary schools in Jiangning District,Nanjing City.The following examinations were performed:visual acuity and routine ocular examination;refraction assessment;ocular biometry;height and weight measurement.All the results were recorded in the vision development profile,and 1313 pupils with complete records were included in the statistical processing.Results Individuals with binocular visual acuity≥1.0,940 in total,accounted for71.59%.A total of 238 individuals had visual acuity of 1.0 in one eye and 0.8 in the other,or 0.8 in both eyes,representing 18.13%.78 individuals in total had visual acuity of 0.8 in one eye and 0.6 in the other,or 0.6 in both eyes,accounting for 5.94%.A total of 57 people with binocular visual acuity≤0.5 without organic ocular abnormalities accounted for 4.34%.People with binocular visual acuity≥0.8 accounted 90%of the total population.Pupils with binocular visual acuity below 0.8 represented 10%of the total number of school enrollment.Of all those examined students,1%had no other abnormalities,while the remaining 9%had various degrees of refractive error and resulting amblyopia(myopia accounted for 2.6%,hyperopia 4.3%,and astigmatism 2.1%).In ocular biometry,the average value of the eye axis and anterior chamber depth in boys was greater than that of girls,but the average value of corneal curvature was lower than that of girls.There were statistically significant differences between boys and girls(P<0.001).The differences in height and weight between males and females were statistically significant(P<0.001).Con

关 键 词：学龄儿童 视力 眼部生物学参数 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科] G627.8[医药卫生—临床医学]