齿轨铁路齿条啮合与轮轨滚动接触间耦合作用机理分析  

Analysis of the coupling mechanism between gear-rack meshing and wheel-rail rolling contact of rack railway

作　　者：王振寰 赵鑫[1] 范伟 郏殿祥 杨吉忠[3] 梁树林[1] 温泽峰[1] WANG Zhenhuan;ZHAO Xin;FAN Wei;JIA Dianxiang;YANG Jizhong;LIANG Shulin;WEN Zefeng(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,610031 Chengdu,China;China National Heavy Duty Truck Group,Automobile Research Institute,250101 Jinan,China;China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group CO.,LTD,610031 Chengdu,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,成都610031 [2]中国重汽集团汽车研究总院,济南250101 [3]中国中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2024年第1期58-67,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52027807);四川省国际科技创新合作资助项目(No.2021YFH0006);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题资助项目(No.2022TPL_T06)。

摘　　要：针对适于山地轨道交通的齿轨铁路,建立基于显式时间积分的三维齿轨轮对-轨道瞬态接触有限元模型,模型可分析齿轮齿条啮合和轮轨滚动接触间中、高频耦合动力作用。轮对和轨道真实几何,齿轮与车轮轮径差导致“车轮悖论”现象及结构振动等均有考虑,齿轮齿条啮合和轮轨接触采用集成库仑摩擦的“面-面”接触算法求解。对比零和非零轮轨摩擦系数工况,解构“车轮悖论”现象对动态接触的影响。以初步设计的Strub型齿轨铁路为例,分析速度为10 km/h和0‰、240‰、480‰坡度下动态接触现象。结果表明,受齿轮啮合影响,齿条、轮轨接触力均呈现周期性波动,但垂向接触总力和总牵引扭矩分别在重力载荷与牵引扭矩附近波动。“车轮悖论”使齿条垂向力和法向接触应力减小,而轮轨垂向力和法向接触应力增加,齿面切向接触应力与接触斑内滑移区面积相应增加,在坡度240‰下,轮轨摩擦系数由0增至0.2,齿条、轮轨最大法向接触应力由248.69、752.66 MPa增至195.17、757.44 MPa,最大切向接触应力相应由24.48、152.84 MPa变成21.31、2.14 MPa。轮轨接触斑因发生显著蠕滑呈现全滑移。相同速度及摩擦条件下,坡度增加使齿条垂向力和牵引力增加,轮轨垂向力和牵引力减小,接触应力呈同相变化。A three-dimensional transient contact finite element model based on explicit time integration is developed for the rack railway suitable for mountain rail transit.The medium and high frequency coupling dynamic interaction between gear-rack meshing and wheel-rail rolling contact can be analyzed in time domain.Factors such as the true geometry of the wheelset and track,the‘wheel paradox’caused by the diameter difference between the gear and the wheel,and structural vibration are taken into account.The gear and rack meshing and wheel-rail contact are both solved by a surface-to-surface contact algorithm with the Coulomb friction integrated.Considering the zero and non-zero wheel-rail friction coefficients,the influence of the‘wheel paradox’on the gear-rack meshing and wheel-rail rolling contact can be deconstructed.Taking the Strub rack railway as an example,the dynamic contact phenomena under a running speed of 10 km/h and slopes of 0‰,240‰and 480‰are investigated.The results show that the contact forces of gear-rack and wheel-rail show periodic fluctuations due to gear meshing,but the vertical total force and total traction torque fluctuate near gravity load and traction torque,respectively.The wheel paradox makes the vertical contact force and normal stress of the rack decrease,while the vertical contact force and normal stress of the wheel-rail increase.In terms of the tangential contact solution,the tangential contact stress of the tooth surface and the slip area in the contact spot increase.Under the condition of slope 240‰,the wheel-rail friction coefficient increases from 0 to 0.2,the maximum normal contact stress of rack and wheel-rail increases from 248.69 and 752.66 MPa to 195.17 and 757.44 MPa,and the maximum tangential contact stress changes from 24.48 and 152.84 MPa to 21.31 and 2.14 MPa.The wheel-rail contact presents full sliding contact due to significant creep.Under the same speed and friction conditions,the increase of slope makes the vertical force and traction force of rack incre

关 键 词：齿轨列车 显式有限元法 瞬态接触 接触应力 车轮悖论 

分 类 号：U234[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]