Autism的本质理解及翻译问题研究  

Understanding the Essence of Autism and Its Translation Issues

作　　者：韩许高 陈栋 高琳 刘振[1] HAN Xu-gao;CHEN Dong;GAO Lin(School of Medical Humanities,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学医学人文学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京中医药大学附属医院康复科,江苏南京210004 [3]南京中医药大学医学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2023年第20期36-40,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2023年江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2023SJYB0316);2022年高水平大学建设项目开放课题(2022ZYWH006);2021年江苏省社会科学基金青年项目(21ZXC003)。

摘　　要：心理学概念autism有两个汉语译名:孤独症与自闭症。两个译名同时并用,造成了不同程度的混乱和误解。从词源学翻译及理论史双重视角看,autism的本质及合适译名不是孤独症,而是自闭症。孤独症是错误的意译,不符合autism的原始含义,易将其本质误解为极度孤独或依恋障碍。自闭症译名更能反映autism的本义,更符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》诊断体系对autism的临床描述,即以自我封闭为根本特征的社交障碍。因此,学界应当放弃孤独症译名,只用自闭症来翻译和理解autism,以避免不正确的病因学解释及一词两译带来的其他问题。The psychological concept"autism"has two Chinese translations:disorder of loneliness and disorder of self-isolation.Their simultaneous use has caused varying degrees of confusion and misunderstanding.From the dual-perspective of etymology and theoretical history,this paper argues that"autism"is more appropriately translated as"disorder of self-isolation"rather than"disorder of loneliness"."Disorder of loneliness"is an erroneous translation,inconsistent with the original discourse of autism,and is prone to misinterpreting its essence as extreme loneliness or attachment disorder.The translation"disorder of selfisolation"better reflects its original meaning and is more in line with the clinical description of"autism"in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnostic system,that is,social disorders characterized by self-isolation.Therefore,the academic community should abandon the use of"disorder of loneliness"and solely employ"disorder of self-isolation"to understand and translate autism in order to avoid incorrect etiological explanations and issues arising from the dual translation.

关 键 词：AUTISM 一词两译 孤独症 自闭症 自我封闭 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]