低空空域容量评估研究综述  

Review on research of low-altitude airspace capacity evaluation

作　　者：张洪海[1] 夷珈 李姗 刘皞[2] 钟罡 ZHANG Hong-hai;YI Jia;LI Shan;LIU Hao;ZHONG Gang(School of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,Jiangsu,China;School of Mathematics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学民航学院,江苏南京211106 [2]南京航空航天大学数学学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2023年第6期78-93,共16页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71971114)。

摘　　要：梳理了空域容量的基本概念,回顾了空域容量评估方法研究的起源与发展历程,总结了4种典型空域容量评估方法(基于数学计算模型的评估方法、基于管制员工作负荷的雷达模拟机评估方法、基于计算机仿真模型的评估方法与基于数据驱动的评估方法)的主要研究成果,结合中国空域管理现状与改革需求,提出了低空空域容量评估框架,分别介绍了低空空域分类与航路划设、起降机场选址布局与容量评估、低空空域容量影响因素分析以及低空空域容量评估方法相关内容,结合未来发展趋势提出了展望。研究结果表明:低空空域分类与划设是容量评估的基本前提,应充分考虑低空空域环境的复杂性,结合航空器性能、应用场景科学规划;起降机场是低空空域环境的关键节点,场点选址与内部结构将直接影响整体低空空域容量水平;低空空域容量影响因素分析是关键步骤,发挥着与低空空域容量评估结果相互验证的作用;目前,尚未形成成熟的低空空域容量评估方法体系,重点介绍了3种方法,分别为基于阈值的空域容量评估方法、基于几何拓扑的空域容量评估方法以及基于控制变量的空域容量评估方法;总体来说,低空空域容量评估是实现低空空域资源合理配置、保证低空空域运行安全高效的重要内容,应结合中国空域管理特点,开展因地制宜的低空空域容量评估方法研究与试点验证。The basic definition of airspace capacity was combed.The origin and development of airspace capacity evaluation methodology research were reviewed.The main findings of four typical airspace capacity evaluation methods(evaluation method based on mathematical calculation models,radar simulator evaluation method based on controller workloads,evaluation method based on computer simulation modeling,and evaluation method based on data-driven)were summarized.Combined with the current situation and reform needs of China's airspace management,a framework for the low-altitude airspace capacity evaluation was proposed.The low-altitude airspace classification and air route planning,landing and take-off airport location layout and capacity evaluation,influencing factors analysis and evaluation methods of low-altitude airspace capacity were introduced,respectively.Future development trend was predicted.Research results show that the classification and planning of low-altitude airspace is the basic premise of capacity evaluation,and the complexity of the low-altitude airspace environment should be fully considered,combined with the performance of aircraft and scientific planning of application scenarios.Landing and take-off airports are key nodes in the low-altitude airspace environment.The site location and internal structure will directly affect the overall low-altitude airspace capacity level.The influencing factors analysis on the low-altitude airspace capacity is a key step and serves as a cross-validation with the results of low-altitude airspace capacity evaluation.At present,a mature methodological system for the low-altitude airspace capacity evaluation has not been developed.Three methods are mainly introduced,which are the threshold-based airspace capacity evaluation method,geometrical topology-based airspace capacity evaluation method,and control-variable-based airspace capacity evaluation method.In general,the low-altitude airspace capacity evaluation is an important content to realize the rational allocation of lo

关 键 词：航空运输 空中交通管理 空域管理 容量评估 低空空域容量 体系框架 

分 类 号：V355[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]