基于多物理场仿真的油浸式变压器温度特性分析及散热器优化  

Temperature Characteristic Analysis and Radiator Optimization of Oil-immersed Transformer Based on Multi-physical Field Simulation

作　　者：袁发庭 施文菀 王玥 陈炜 唐波[1,2] 姜岚[1,2] YUAN Fating;SHI Wenyu;WANG Yue;CHEN Wei;TANG Bo;JIANG Lan(Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Power Transmission Line,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;College of Electrical Engineering and New Energy,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company Limited Research Institute,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省输电线路工程技术研究中心(三峡大学),宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学电气与新能源学院,宜昌443002 [3]国网湖南省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,长沙410007

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第1期221-231,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(Q20211212);宜昌市科技计划项目(A21-3-010)。

摘　　要：准确计算油浸式变压器的温度分布并寻求优化方法,对设备运行维护具有重要意义。首先建立了35 kV油浸式变压器的3维等效模型,采用Jiles-Atherton模型模拟变压器铁芯材料的磁滞特性,通过磁场计算获取了铁芯和绕组的损耗密度分布。在此基础上将损耗密度作为热源,经过流–热耦合计算得到变压器的温度场和流场仿真结果。根据计算结果提取了铁芯、绕组区域的温度分布及截面的油流流速分布,并绘制了散热片的最高温度和流速曲线。最后结合中心组合设计和仿真分析方法得出不同散热器结构参数下的变压器热点温度,构建热点温度与结构参数间的支持向量机模型,采用粒子群算法获得了最优参数。变压器热点温度较优化前降低了15.12 K,仿真与模型预测结果的相对误差为6.42%,验证了优化模型的有效性。结果表明:优化方法能够显著降低变压器热点温度,为变压器的优化设计提供了新的思路和参考。Accurately calculating the temperature distribution of oil-immersed transformers and seeking optimization methods are of great significance for equipment operation and maintenance.Firstly,the three-dimensional equivalent model of 35 kV oil-immersed transformer is established.The hysteresis characteristic of transformer core material is sim-ulated by the Jiles-Atherton model,and the loss density distribution of core and windings is obtained by magnetic field calculation.On this basis,the loss density is taken as the heat source,and the temperature field and flow field simulation results of the transformer are obtained by fluid-thermal coupling calculation.According to the calculation results,the temperature distribution in the core and windings and the oil flow velocity distribution in the cross section are extracted,and the maximum temperature and velocity curves of heat sink are drawn.Finally,combined with the central composite design and simulation analysis method,the hot spot temperature of transformer under different radiator structure parame-ters is obtained,the support vector machine model between hot spot temperature and structure parameters is constructed,and the optimal parameters are obtained by particle swarm optimization.The hot spot temperature of the transformer is 15.12 K lower than that before optimization,and the relative error between simulation and model prediction results is 6.42%,which verifies the effectiveness of the optimization model.The results show that the optimization method can be adopted to significantly reduce the hot spot temperature of the transformer,which provides a new idea and reference for the optimization design of the transformer.

关 键 词：油浸式变压器 多物理场仿真 损耗密度 温度分布 支持向量机 散热器优化 

分 类 号：TM411[电气工程—电器]