寻甸县罕见双雹灾害特征分析——基于T-LnP图和X波段双线偏振雷达  

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF RARE DOUBLE HAIL DISASTER IN XUNDIAN COUNTY——BASED ON T-LN P DIAGRAM AND X-BAND DUAL-LINE POLARIZATION RADAR

作　　者：耿琼 冯亮亮 李培民 GENG Qiong;FENG Liang-liang;LI Pei-min(Xundian Meteorological Bureau,Xundian 655200,Yunnan,China;Kunming Weather Modification Center,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Kunming Blue Sky Meteorological Co.Ltd,Kunming 650034,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]寻甸县气象局,云南寻甸655200 [2]昆明市人工影响天气中心,云南昆明650500 [3]昆明蓝天气象信息有限公司,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《云南地理环境研究》2023年第6期54-65,共12页Yunnan Geographic Environment Research

基　　金：中国气象局—成都信息工程大学人工影响天气联合研究中心开放课题“昆明市昼(夜)间冰雹天气过程的结构特征及热(动)力条件分析”(2023GDRY015);“地形因子对烤烟种植区冰雹灾害风险影响与对策研究(以寻甸县为例)”(2023GDRY010)。

摘　　要：利用2023年8月10日、11日MICAPS探空和环流场数据以及x波段双线偏振雷达物理量,从天气背景、大气稳定性、降水粒子相态特征分析了寻甸县境内的连续两次夜间雹灾过程。结果表明:(1)两高辐合是本轮过程的天气背景,台风“卡努”外围偏东气流影响下辐合区风场切变加强。8月10日雹灾表现为高湿度层(相对湿度≥80%),从白天到夜间转变以600 hPa为界,最高可达200 hPa,湿对流有效位能从1 257 J·kg^(-1)减小至134 J·kg^(-1);8月11日雹灾过程,高湿度层从白天到夜间转变以700 hPa为界,最高可达500 hPa。(2)“8.10”冰雹过程中是典型超级单体结构,垂直积分液态水含量跃增最大达10 kg·m^(-2)、降雹时零滞后相关系数降低至0.85以下、差分反射率和差分相位移率变化较弱,且预警系统提前一小时触发报警,云体在成熟阶段降雹。“8.11”冰雹过程中垂直积分液态水含量维持稳定,差分相移率随冰雹云发展由0.35增大至7.0,云体在积云阶段降雹,预警系统滞后10分钟触发报警。Based on the MICAPS T-Ln P diagram and circulation data on August 10 and 11,2023,and the physical quantities of x-band double-linear polarization radar,the process of two consecutive nighttime hailstorms in Xundian County was analyzed from the weather background,atmospheric stability,and phase characteristics of precipitation particles.The results show that:(1)The weather background of this round of the process is the convergence of the two highs,and the wind shear is strengthened among the convergence area under the influence of the easterly airflow around Typhoon“Kanu”.During the hailstorm on August 10,the high humidity layer(relative humidity≥80%)changed with a boundary of 600 hPa and a maximum of 200 hPa from daytime to nighttime,and the CAPE decreased from 1257 J·kg^(-1) to 134 J·kg^(-1).During the hailstorm on August 11,the high humidity layer evolved with a boundary of 700 hPa and a maximum of 500 hPa from daytime to nighttime.(2)The“8.10”hailstorm is a typical super-cell structure,the vertical integral liquid water content jumps up to 10 kg·m^(-2),the zero correlation coefficient decreases to less than 0.85,the differential reflectivity and specific differential phase change are weak,and the early warning system triggers the alarm one hour in advance,and falls at the mature stage of cloud.During the“8.11”hailstorm,the vertically integrated liquid water content remained stable,the specific differential phase shift rate increased from 0.35 to 7.0 at the development of cloud,and hails at the development stage of cloud,and the main warning system triggered an alarm with a delay of 10 minutes.

关 键 词：冰雹 气象灾害 寻甸县 双线偏振雷达 

分 类 号：P458.121.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]