数字技术可能引发的制造业“去全球化”风险  

An Analysis of Potential Risks of“De-globalization”of Digital Technology in the Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：王如玉 柴忠东[3] WANG Ru-yu;CHAI Zhong-dong(School of Economics,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou,510006;School of Business,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210093)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学经济学院 [2]广东工业大学数字经济与数据治理重点实验室 [3]南京大学商学院国际经济与贸易系

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2024年第1期95-102,共8页Social Sciences in Yunnan

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“虚拟集聚的理论及其应用研究”(项目号:18ZDA066);国家自然科学基金面上项目“金融虚拟集聚、融资效率与地区生产率”(项目号:71973147);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金面上项目“虚拟集聚影响平台竞争的机制研究”(项目号:2023A1515012593)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当前,以人工智能、大数据分析、工业机器人为代表的数字技术迅猛发展,不仅为传统制造业注入了新的生机,也改变了全球制造业国际分工的格局。数字技术在推动全球经济一体化的同时,也对全球价值链的长度、附加值地域分布与治理方式产生了深刻的影响,从而使得制造业价值链的形态、区位选择和组织结构发生了重大变化,一部分制造业开始从分散化、非一体化走向集中化、再一体化,从全球一体化走向“全球本地化”,制造业回归本土、区域化现象日益显著。与发达国家贸易保护主义所引发的“脱钩”“断供”等“去全球化”相比,这一数字技术驱动的“去全球化”现象加大了发展中国家制造业融入全球价值链、实现转型升级的难度,因而更应当引起高度重视。At present,the rapid development of digital technologies represented by artificial intelligence,big data analysis,and industrial robots has not only injected new vitality into traditional manufacturing,but also changed the pattern of international division of labor in global manufacturing.While promoting global economic integration,digital technology has also had a profound impact on the length of the global value chain,the geographical distribution of added value,and the governance mode,resulting in major changes in the form,location selection,and organizational structure of the manufacturing value chain.Some manufacturing industries have started to shift from decentralization and de-integration to centralization and re-integration,from global integration to“glocalization”,which illustrates prominently the phenomenon of manufacturing’s return to the local market,or its regionalization.Compared with“de-globalization”caused by trade protectionism in developed countries,such as“decoupling”and“supply interruption”,the“de-globalization”driven by digital technology should arouse greater attention and vigilance among people,for it has increased the difficulty for the manufacturing industries in the developing countries to integrate into the global value chain.

关 键 词：数字技术 “去全球化” 再一体化 虚拟集聚 制造业 

分 类 号：F11[经济管理—国际贸易]