防治陆源污染物对海洋环境污染损害的法律问题研究  

The Legal Issues of Preventing Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment from Land-based Pollutants

作　　者：李慧颖 裴兆斌[1] LI Huiying;PEI Zhaobin(College of Marine Law and Humanities,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋法律与人文学院,大连116023

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2023年第12期103-107,共5页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：辽宁省教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度立项重点课题项目“新时代海洋强国背景下海洋法治人才培养体系创新与实践”(JG20DA003);辽宁省新文科研究与改革实践项目“文农交叉融合视角下卓越海洋法治人才培养创新与实践研究”(辽教办[2021]133号);教育部高等教育司2021年第一批产学合作协同育人项目“世界变局中的国家海权一体化新形态在线课程建设研究与实践”(202101292002).

摘　　要：随着我国经济与社会的飞速发展,我国持续不断地开发和利用海洋资源,不可避免地导致资源的过度开发,使海洋环境遭受污染损害。在海洋环境污染物中,陆源污染物约占80%,是最主要的污染物,因此防治陆源污染是保护海洋环境的关键步骤。目前我国防治陆源污染的法律制度有所发展,但仍存在一些问题,须对防治陆源污染物对海洋环境污染损害的法律制度进行分析,并针对其中的问题加以完善。文章论述陆源污染物的概念和种类,分析目前我国防治陆源污染物对海洋环境污染损害法律制度的不足之处,并提出改进建议,主要包括修订或重新制定相关法律法规、完善有关法律责任、完善公众参与制度。With the rapid development of China′s economy and society,China continues to develop and utilize marine resources,inevitably leading to excessive resource exploitation and pollution damage to the marine environment.Among the pollutants in the marine environment,land-based pollutants account for about 80%,making them the most important pollutant.Therefore,preventing and controlling land-based pollution is a key step in protecting the marine environment.At present,the legal system for preventing and controlling land-based pollution in China has developed,but there are still some problems.It is necessary to analyze the legal system for preventing and controlling land-based pollutants from causing pollution damage to the marine environment,and improve it accordingly.The paper discussed the concept and types of land-based pollutants,analyzed the shortcomings of China′s current legal system for preventing and controlling land-based pollutants from causing pollution damage to the marine environment,and proposed improvement suggestions,mainly including modifying or reformulating relevant laws and regulations,improving relevant legal responsibilities,and improving the public participation system.

关 键 词：陆源污染物 海洋环境 污染损害 污染防治 

分 类 号：X197[环境科学与工程—环境科学] D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] X55[政治法律—法学]