基于轮轨系统耦合作用的高铁钢轨波磨演化特征研究  

Research on Evolutionary Characteristics of High-speed Railway Rail Corrugation Based on the Coupling Effect of Wheel-rail System

作　　者：张金 邵琳 张强 梁旭 金锋 张海峰 李晨光 ZHANG Jin;SHAO Lin;ZHANG Qiang;LIANG Xu;JIN Feng;ZHANG Haifeng;LI Chenguang(Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Energy Saving&Environmental Protection&Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Track Maintenance Department,China Railway Harbin Group Co.,Ltd.,Harbin Heilongjiang 150006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司节能环保劳卫研究所,北京100081 [3]中国铁路哈尔滨局集团有限公司工务部,哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2023年第6期28-32,共5页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科研开发课题(N2022G011);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金项目(2022YJ200)。

摘　　要：我国部分高铁线路上出现了由钢轨打磨引起的钢轨波磨现象,降低了乘坐舒适度,严重影响了车辆运行的平稳性及安全性。针对我国高速铁路的车辆和轨道特点,建立了车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,并基于轮轨滚动接触理论及材料摩擦磨损原理,以不同波长钢轨表面初始周期性不平顺作为激励,分析研究了高铁钢轨波磨的演化特征。结果表明:由于轮轨系统的耦合振动作用,即便钢轨表面无初始周期性不平顺,随着列车通过次数的增加,钢轨表面依然会形成钢轨波磨;钢轨表面有初始周期性不平顺时,与其他波长相比,在速度300 km/h条件下70 mm波长产生的振动频率1 190.5 Hz与轨道垂向Pinned-Pinned振动频率1 200 Hz十分接近,钢轨波磨会快速发展;即使打磨形成的钢轨表面初始周期性不平顺存在差异,但当列车的通过次数达到一定数量后,最终钢轨波磨的波长均会趋向于某一固定波长范围63~72 mm,该固定波长与轨道结构固有的振动频率和列车的运行速度有关。Some high-speed railway lines in China have experienced rail corrugation caused by rail grinding,which has reduced ride comfort and seriously affected the smoothness and safety of vehicle operation.This article established a wheel-rail coupling dynamic model based on the characteristics of vehicles and tracks in China's high-speed railways,and was based on the theory of wheel-rail rolling contact and the principle of material friction and wear,the evolutionary characteristics of rail corrugation in high-speed railways were analyzed and studied using the initial periodic irregularity of rail surfaces at different wavelengths as an excitation.The results indicate that due to the coupling vibration of the wheel-rail system,even if there is no initial periodic irregularity of rail surface,as the number of train passes increases,the rail surface will still form rail corrugation.When there is initial periodic irregularity of rail surface,compared to other wavelengths,the vibration frequency generated by the 70 mm wavelength at a speed of 300 km/h is 1190.5 Hz,which is very close to the vertical Pinned-Pinned vibration frequency 1200 Hz of the rail,and the rail corrugation will develop rapidly.Even if there are differences in the initial periodic irregularity of the rail surface formed by rail grinding,when the number of passes of the train reaches a certain number,the final wavelength of rail corrugation will tend to a fixed wavelength 63~72 mm,which is related to the inherent vibration frequency of the track structure and the running speed of the train.

关 键 词：高速铁路 钢轨波磨 轮轨作用 仿真分析 

分 类 号：U213.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]