降解多种真菌毒素的芽孢杆菌的筛选鉴定及其发酵饲料应用  

Screening of a Bacillus That Can Degrade a Variety of Mycotoxins and Its Application in Fermented Feed

作　　者：郭瑞 张香香 董维璇 赖根生 王德培[1,2,3] GUO Rui;ZHANG Xiangxiang;DONG Weixuan;LAI Gensheng;WANG Depei(Biotechnology College of Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology Ministry of Education,Tianjin 300457,China;Tianjin Engineering Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学生物工程学院,天津300457 [2]工业发酵微生物教育部重点实验室,天津300457 [3]天津市微生物代谢与发酵过程控制技术工程中心,天津300457

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第2期125-131,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会青年科学基金项目[31902193];天津市自然科学基金重点项目[20JCZDJC00140]。

摘　　要：粮食作物在生长及其收获储存过程中,极易被有害真菌感染导致存在黄曲霉毒素(AFB1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)、呕吐毒素(DON)这3种真菌毒素污染,严重危害人和动物的健康。研究旨在筛选一种可以同时降解饲料原料中这3种真菌毒素的菌株,首次使用亚甲基蓝褪色作为降解真菌毒素筛选方法,再以过氧化物酶复筛最终获得一株蜡样芽孢杆菌BL-17,该菌株对AFB1、ZEN、DON 3种毒素同时存在的降解率分别达74.38%、98.31%和39.66%。后续将BL-17与两株乳酸菌混合对饲料原料进行发酵,在有氧条件下大幅度降解了饲料中这3种有毒物质,对AFB1、ZEN和DON的降解率分别高达86.72%、100%和43.19%。菌株BL-17不仅提高了发酵饲料的安全性,同时也可增加对非常规饲料原料的利用,具有很好的应用前景。During the growth and harvesting and storage of food crops,it is easy to be contaminated by harmful fungi.There may be aflatoxin(AFB1),zarealenone(ZEN)and vomitoxin(DON),which are three main mycotoxins,which seriously harm the health of human and animal.The aim of this study was to screen a strain that can simultaneously degrade three mycotoxins in feed materials.Methylene blue screening method was used for the first time and then re-screened with peroxidase to finally screen out a strain of Bacillus cereus BL-17 that can simultaneously degrade AFB1,ZEN and DON,with degradation rates of 74.38%,98.31%and 39.66%,respectively.Then BL-17 was mixed with two strains of lactic acid bacteria to ferment feed materials.Under aerobic conditions,three toxic substances in the feed were significantly degraded,and the degradation rates of AFB1,ZEN and DON were up to 86.72%,100%and 43.19%,respectively.It not only improves the safety of fermented feed,but also increases the utilization of unconventional feed materials,which has a good application prospect.

关 键 词：黄曲霉毒素 玉米赤霉烯酮 呕吐毒素 蜡样芽孢杆菌 发酵饲料 

分 类 号：S816.3[农业科学—饲料科学]