江西省饲料及饲料原料中真菌毒素污染水平调查与评估  

Investigation and Evaluation on Mycotoxin Contamination of Raw Materials and Feed in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：夏骏 邢磊 吴科盛 文露华 赵薇娜 符金华 尹腾桂 万文根 XIA Jun;XING Lei;WU Kesheng;WEN Luhua;ZHAO Weina;FU Jinhua;YIN Tenggui;WAN Wengen(Jiangxi Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Jiangxi Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业技术推广中心,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第2期138-144,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：江西省2022年度农牧渔业科研指导性课题[赣农厅办函[2022]17号-33号]。

摘　　要：真菌毒素污染长期困扰饲料行业,严重影响饲料生产,给饲料企业造成巨大的损失。研究旨在通过调查和评估江西省配合饲料和饲料原料中真菌毒素污染情况,从而掌握饲料中真菌毒素污染现状和水平,为政府决策和企业生产提供技术支撑。2022年,采集了江西省境内饲料原料和配合饲料样本507批,采用液相色谱串联质谱法测定了6种常见的真菌毒素的含量,对饲料中真菌毒素污染水平进行了调查和评估。结果表明:真菌毒素在配合饲料及饲料原料中污染普遍存在,部分真菌毒素存在一定的风险,真菌毒素的总检出率高达93.5%,其中呕吐毒素(Deoxynivalenol,DON)、伏马毒素B1(Fumonisins B-1,FB1)和玉米赤霉烯酮(Zearalenone,ZEN)三者的检出率均高达70%以上,饲料总体超标率达到17.7%,酒糟原料、猪配合饲料和肉禽配合饲料受真菌毒素污染水平相对较高。针对上述问题,研究从监管和生产两方面提出了相关的建议,对促进饲料产业健康绿色发展具有重要意义。Mycotoxin contamination has been plaguing feed industry for a long time,seriously affecting feed production and causing huge economic losses to feed enterprises.By investigating and evaluating mycotoxin contamination in feed raw materials and compound feeds in Jiangxi Province,this study aimed to grasp mycotoxin pollution status and levels,and to provide technical support for government decision-making and enterprise production.A total of 507 batches of feed raw materials and compound feed samples were collected within Jiangxi Province during 2022.The content of six common mycotoxins was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,and the level of mycotoxin contamination in feed was investigated and evaluated.The results showed that mycotoxins contamination in feed raw materials and feeds was widespread,and some mycotoxins posed a certain risk.The total positive rate of mycotoxin was 93.1%,with the positive rates of deoxynivalenol(DON),fumonisin B1(FB1),and zearalenone(ZEN)all exceeding 70%.The total over-standard rate of mycotoxin in feeds was high as 17.7%,among them,the mycotoxins contamination of distillers'grains,pig,meat and poultry compound feed was particularly serious.Aiming at above problem,this study proposes recommendations from regulatory and manufacturing,which is of great significance for further promoting the healthy and green development of feed industry.

关 键 词：真菌毒素 配合饲料 饲料原料 调查评估 质量安全 

分 类 号：S816.3[农业科学—饲料科学]