上古医书“五色”概念的认知语义新探  

A New Study on the Cognitive Semantics of"the Five Colors Concept"in the Ancient Medical Books

作　　者：郭力铭[1] 孙迪[1] 李佳[2] GUO Li-ming;SUN Di;LI Jia(International Education College,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学国际教育学院,辽宁沈阳110847 [2]辽宁中医药大学中医学院,辽宁沈阳110847

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2023年第22期60-64,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2021年辽宁中医药大学科研项目(2021LNZYZZ003)。

摘　　要：采用语料库研究法,对上古时期中医颜色域1 744例词汇进行频次和组合方式的考察,重点讨论《黄帝内经》484例颜色词在“中医药概念域”中的分布情况和语义组合模式。上古医书颜色域以“赤”为核心,顺序为“赤”>“青”>“白”>“黄”>“黑”,该顺序与Berlin和Kay发现的人类普遍认知结构中基本颜色词的先后顺序不同,体现出中医语言文化特性。《黄帝内经》颜色词以描述病理之色为主,兼及生理之色,较少直接描述颜色元概念、天地和五行之色。“五色”最多关联28个概念域,包含6类概念整合下的14类概念域组合模式,有88.97%的颜色词属“复合语义组合模式”。In this paper,the frequency and combination mode of 1744 Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)color-related vocabulary in ancient medical books were investigated by using the method of corpus research.It focused on discussing the distribution and semantic combination patterns of 484 instances of color terms from the The Inner Canon of Huangdi within the"TCM Conceptual Domain".The color domain of ancient medical books centered around"red,"with the sequence being"red">"blue/green">"white">"yellow">"black",which differed from the order of basic color terms in the universal cognitive structure discovered by Berlin&Kay,reflecting the linguistic and cultural characteristics of TCM.The color terms in The Inner Canon of Huangdi mainly described pathological colors and physiological colors,but relatively fewer direct descriptions of color meta-concept,the color of heaven and earth,and the colors associated with the Five Elements.Five colors were associated with a maximum of 28 conceptual domains,including 14 combination patterns under six types of concept integrations.Approximately 88.97%of color terms belonged to"compound semantic combination patterns."

关 键 词：上古医书 《黄帝内经》 颜色词 概念整合 

分 类 号：R2-03[医药卫生—中医学]