星斗山天然次生林优势种的生态位和种间联结动态  

Dynamics in Niche and Interspecific Association of Dominant Species in Natural Secondary Forest of Xingdou Mountain

作　　者：何江 徐来仙 艾训儒 HE Jiang;XU Lai-xian;AI Xun-ru(Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;School of Forestry and Horticulture,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China;College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091 [2]湖北民族大学林学园艺学院,湖北恩施445000 [3]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第1期171-182,共12页Forest Research

基　　金：中国环境科学研究院生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006)。

摘　　要：[目的]常绿落叶阔叶混交林是我国特有的天然林类型,作为亚热带山地的主要植被类型。探讨典型亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林优势种的生态位和种间联结动态变化,阐明短期群落发展中优势种的适应能力、种间关系和变化规律,为亚热带地区生物资源保护、恢复和森林管理提供理论依据。[方法]本研究以湖北星斗山国家级自然保护区天然次生林为研究对象,结合2013年和2018年的两次固定样地(48个)调查监测数据,对比分析重要值排名前10名的优势种(重要值大于2%)的生态位宽度、生态位重叠指数、方差比率法、χ^(2)检验、联结系数、Jaccard指数和Spearman秩相关系数的动态变化。[结果](1)2013年和2018年物种组成变化较小,物种株数、科属种数减少;重要值排名前10名的优势种仅1名物种发生变动。(2)两次调查结果的生态位重叠指数均以0.2~0.5之间为主,种对数随群落发展而增加,大部分物种对生境需求具有一定相似性、互补性。随着群落发展,多数优势种的生态位重叠程度逐渐降低、生态位宽度逐渐变窄、利用资源能力逐渐减弱。(3)5年间,重要值排序与生态位宽度排序并不完全相同,群落资源未被完全充分利用。水榆花楸和翅柃一直占据优势地位,与其他优势种的生态位重叠指数呈现稳定或增加趋势。(4)两次调查中优势种的总体联结性均为显著正关联,χ^(2)检验、联结系数、Jaccard指数和Spearman秩相关系数的结果基本一致:正关联种对数大于负关联种对数,极显著或显著正关联种对数比极显著或显著负关联种对数多,不显著关联种对数也占有重要比例。随着群落发展,总体联结性的显著正关联逐渐增强,正相关对数和正负比值逐渐增加,负相关对数逐渐减少。[结论]湖北星斗山国家级自然保护区天然次生林处于自然演替的早期至中期阶段,种间联结松散、不紧密,水榆花楸�[Objective]The evergreen-deciduous broadleaved mixed forest is a unique natural forest type in China,as the main vegetation type in the subtropical mountains.The niche and interspecific association dynamics of dominant species in typical subtropical evergreen-deciduous broadleaved mixed forest are explored to elucidate the adaptive capacity,interspecific relationships and change patterns of dominant species in short-term community development,and also to provide a theoretical basis for biological resource conservation,restoration and forest management in subtropical regions.[Method]Based on the natural secondary forest in Hubei Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve,combined with the survey and monitoring data of 48 fixed plots in 2013 and 2018,the dynamic changes of niche breadth,niche overlap index,variance ratio method,χ^(2) test,association coefficient,Jaccard index and Spearman rank correlation coefficient of the top 10 dominant species(importance value greater than 2%)were analyzed.[Result](1)There were smaller changes in species composition in 2013 and 2018,with a decrease in the number of species,families and genera.Only one of the top 10 dominant species in terms of species importance value changed.(2)The two surveys showed that the niche overlap index was mainly between 0.2 and 0.5,and the number of species pairs increased with the development of the community.With the development of the community,the niche overlap degree,niche breadth and resource utilization ability of most dominant species decreased gradually.(3)Over the past 5 years,the importance ranking and niche width ranking were not exactly the same,and community resources were not fully utilized.Sorbus alnifolia and Eurya alata have always dominated the ecological niche overlap index with other dominant species,showing a stable or increasing trend.(4)The overall association of dominant species in the two surveys was significantly positive.The results ofχ^(2) test,association coefficient,Jaccard index and Spearman rank correlation coefficient fo

关 键 词：常绿落叶阔叶混交林 星斗山国家级自然保护区 鄂西南 重要值 生态位 种间联结性 次生林 动态 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] S719[农业科学—林学] S759.99