高职护生对精神障碍患者的疾病态度与其同理心的相关性  

Correlation between disease attitude and empathy of higher vocational nursing students towards patients with mental disorder

作　　者：陈鲁[1] 李长松[2] 周涛[1] 陈德[3] 胡天允 秦巍[1] 徐志芳 王艳[1] CHEN Lu;LI Changsong;ZHOU Tao;CHEN De;HU Tianyun;QIN Wei;XU Zhifang;WANG Yan(School of Medicine,Taizhou Polytechnic College,Taizhou 210000,China;Department of Anaesthesia,Taizhou People′s Hospital,Taizhou 225300,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Taixing People′s Hospital,Taizhou 225400,China)

机构地区：[1]泰州职业技术学院医学院,泰州210000 [2]泰州市人民医院麻醉科,泰州225300 [3]泰兴市人民医院神经外科,泰州225400

出　　处：《济宁医学院学报》2024年第1期51-57,共7页Journal of Jining Medical University

基　　金：江苏省教育厅2018年江苏省高校优秀中青年教师和校长赴境外研修项目(苏教办师[2018]3号);泰州职业技术学院2019年度职业教育研究重点课题(ZY201901)。

摘　　要：目的了解高职护生对精神障碍患者的疾病态度与其同理心现状,并探索两者间的相关性。方法于2020年9月至12月采用分层抽样选取泰州职业技术学院2019级在校护理学生278人进行问卷调查,完成医学生版临床医生对精神疾病态度量表(MICS-MS,中文版)和杰弗逊同理心量表护生版(JSPE-NS)问卷。结果高职护生的MICA-MS总分(43.83±7.96)分,具有一定歧视态度;JSPE-NS总分(101.80±15.93)分,总体水平偏低。女生对精神疾病态度明显好于男生,其对患者的同理心水平明显高于男生;家庭文化背景较好的护生疾病态度和同理心水平明显高于家庭文化背景偏低者,亲属有患精神疾病和与精神障碍患者有共同生活史的护生对精神疾病歧视态度较轻,且其同理心水平较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高职护生同理心水平可影响其对精神障碍患者的疾病态度(P<0.001),且呈负相关(P<0.01);性别、家庭背景、亲属患精神疾病、与精神障碍患者有频繁接触或生活史等4个其他因素也明显影响护生对精神障碍患者疾病态度(P<0.001)。结论高职护生对精神障碍患者同理心水平偏低,总体表现为悲观歧视态度,护理教育者需分析其诸多影响因素,有的放矢,努力改善并提升护生对精神障碍患者护理工作的岗位胜任力。Objective To investigate the attitudes of vocational nursing students towards patients with mental disorders and their current level of empathy,and to explore the correlation between the two.Methods A stratified random sample of 278 nursing students from Taizhou Polytechnic College were surveyed using the Medical Student Version of the Attitudes to Mental Illness Scale(MICS-MS,Chinese version)and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Nursing Students(JSPE-NS).Results The total score of MICS-MS for nursing students was 43.83±7.96,indicating a certain degree of discriminatory attitude.The overall level of empathy was relatively low,with a total score of 101.80±15.93.Female nursing students had a significantly better attitude towards mental illness than male nursing students,and their level of empathy towards patients was significantly higher than that of male nursing students;nursing students with a better family cultural background had significantly higher levels of disease attitude and empathy than those with a lower family cultural background,and nursing students with relatives who had a mental illness and those who had shared living experiences with patients with mental disorders had a lower level of discrimination towards mental illness and a higher level of empathy,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The level of empathy of nursing students can affect their attitude towards patients with mental disorders(P<0.001),and there is a negative correlation(P<0.01).Gender,family background,relatives with mental illness,frequent contact or living history with patients with mental disorders significantly affect nursing students′attitude towards patients with mental disorders(P<0.001).Conclusion Vocational nursing students have a low level of empathy towards patients with mental disorders,and overall exhibit a pessimistic and discriminatory attitude.Nursing educators need to analyze the many influencing factors and take targeted measures to improve and enhance the competency of nursing students in caring

关 键 词：高职 护生 精神障碍 精神疾病态度 同理心 

分 类 号：R47-4[医药卫生—护理学]