地磁感应电流多学科交叉研究进展  

Multidisciplinary Advancements in Geomagnetically Induced Currents Research

作　　者：余年[1] 张学健 孔文新 韦昌 Yu Nian;Zhang Xuejian;Kong Wenxin;Wei Chang(School of Electrical Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学电气工程学院,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学资源与安全学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2024年第1期54-67,共14页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42222404,42074081,42204078)。

摘　　要：地磁感应电流(geomagnetically induced currents,GIC)是指地球变化磁场在地球表面导体中产生的感应电流,可对电网、油气管道、高铁等人造基础设施造成严重破坏,包括电力系统失效、通信干扰和电子设备损坏等,影响其稳定运行和功能。研究GIC的意义在于深入理解其产生机理及影响因素,为制定相应的预防和应对策略提供科学依据。论文在深入总结GIC研究进展的基础上,详细阐述了GIC的产生机理及影响因素,包括宇宙空间、地球环境和电力系统对GIC的影响;概述了GIC的研究现状,分别从空间物理、地球物理和电气工程领域对GIC进行了综合评述;进而详细介绍了GIC估算的步骤,包括地磁场数据与建模、地电场和导体中GIC的计算;并重点分析了不同地球物理参数对GIC估算结果的影响以及互相之间的差异;最后,对GIC研究面临的挑战、地球物理在相关问题解决中的潜在贡献以及研究未来进行展望。Geomagnetically induced currents(GIC)are currents induced in conductive materials on the Earth’s surface due to Earth’s magnetic field variations.GICs have the potential to cause severe damage to manufactured infrastructure,including power grids,oil and gas pipelines,and high-speed railways,resulting in adverse consequences such as power system failures,communication disruptions,and damage to electronic equipment,ultimately affecting the stability and functionality of these systems.The significance of studying GIC lies in understanding their generation mechanisms and influencing factors,thereby providing a scientific foundation for developing effective prevention and mitigation strategies.Based on an in-depth review of the progress in GIC research,this paper elaborates on the mechanisms of GIC generation and the influencing factors,encompassing the impacts of space weather,Earth’s environmental conditions,and the power system on GIC.It provides an overview of the current state of GIC research,offering integrated assessments from space physics,geophysics,and electrical engineering.Furthermore,the paper provides a detailed description of the steps involved in estimating GIC,including using geomagnetic field data and modeling,along with calculating electric fields and GIC within conductors.It emphasizes analyzing how various geophysical parameters affect GIC estimates and their interrelationships.In conclusion,the paper discusses the challenges in GIC research,highlights the potential contributions of geophysics in addressing related issues,and provides a perspective on the future of GIC research.

关 键 词：地磁感应电流 地球磁场 大地电磁 地磁灾害 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]