冷榨亚麻籽油特征风味成分分析  

Analysis of Characteristic Flavor Components in Cold-Pressed Flaxseed Oil

作　　者：衡新蕊 王天亮 姚云平[1] 李昌模[1] HENG Xinrui;WANG Tianliang;YAO Yunping;LI Changmo(State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety,College of Food Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院,食品营养与安全教育部重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第2期211-217,共7页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31901650)。

摘　　要：本研究采用定量描述分析法、顶空固相微萃取和同时蒸馏萃取法及气相色谱-质谱-嗅闻仪(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry,GC-MS-O)结合化学计量分析方法分析冷榨亚麻籽油的整体风味特征及挥发性风味物质。结果表明:冷榨亚麻籽油的风味独特,主要呈新鲜清新的青草味及鱼腥味。GC-MS共检测出34种挥发性物质,包括醛类12种、醇类7种、酸类5种、萜烯类3种、烷烃类3种、酮类2种及芳香族类化合物2种。综合GC-O、检测频率值≥6以及气味活度值≥1分析,明确了2-乙基己醇、己醇、(E)-2-己烯醛、己醛、(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛是冷榨亚麻籽油青草味的主要来源物质,而(Z)-4-庚烯醛是鱼腥味的主要来源物质。通过主成分分析进一步验证了不同地区冷榨亚麻籽油的特征风味强度与感官风味属性间的相关性。本研究结果可为冷榨亚麻籽油的风味改善、工艺优化及品质提升提供理论参考依据。In this study,theflavor characteristics and volatile compounds of cold-pressedflaxseed oil were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis,headspace solid phase microextraction and simultaneous distillation extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry(GC-MS-O)and chemometrics.The results showed that cold-pressed flaxseed oil had a unique flavor,mainly presenting fresh grassy and fishy flavors.Totally 34 characteristic volatile components were detected,including 12 aldehydes,7 alcohols,5 acids,3 terpenes,3 alkanes,2 ketones and 2 aromatic compounds.Based on GC-O analysis,detection frequency(DF≥6)and odor activity value(OAV≥1),2-ethyl hexanol,hexanol,(E)-2-hexenal,hexanal,and(E,E)-2,4-heptadienal were found to be the major contributors to the grassyflavor,and(Z)-4-heptenal the major contributor tofishyflavor.Principal component analysis(PCA)validated the correlation between the characteristic flavor intensity and the sensory flavor attributes of cold-pressed flaxseed oil from different regions.The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for improving the aroma,processing and quality of cold-pressedflaxseed oil.

关 键 词：冷榨亚麻籽油 气相色谱-质谱-嗅闻仪 气味活度值 检测频率 

分 类 号：TS227[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]