不同重金属污染水平下生物结皮及下层土壤细菌群落的差异性分析  

Difference of bacterial community in biocrust and underlying soil under different heavy metal pollution levels

作　　者：樊瑾 王融融 丛士翔 常文静 余海龙[1] 黄菊莹[3] FAN Jin;WANG Rongrong;CONG Shixiang;CHANG Wenjing;YU Hailong;HUANG Juying(Institute of geographical science and planning,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Ecology and environment Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院,银川750021 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,杨凌712100 [3]宁夏大学生态环境学院,银川750021

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第1期416-427,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC03120);国家自然科学基金项目(41961001)。

摘　　要：为了探究生物结皮及下层土壤细菌群落多样性及结构在不同重金属污染水平下的差异及其影响因素,以宁夏东部工矿区和封育草地内广泛分布的两类生物结皮为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术,分析结皮层(A层)和结皮下层(B层)土壤细菌群落结构和多样性差异。采用相关分析、冗余分析探讨两个生境生物结皮各层次细菌群落与土壤环境因子的关系。结果表明:(1)相较于封育区,工矿区2类生物结皮对源自大气降尘的重金属元素具有更显著的表层富集作用,并表现出显著的种间差异:苔藓结皮>藻结皮。污染负荷指数评价结果显示:工矿区生物结皮各层次重金属污染程度更高,且均表现为A层污染程度高于B层。(2)两个生境的优势细菌门组成基本一致,均为放线菌门、变形菌门、酸杆菌门。受生物结皮类型、重金属污染程度的影响,细菌群落结构差异显著,主要表现为:工矿区藻结皮A、B层的α多样性指数均大于封育区,而苔藓结皮A、B层的细菌多样性指数高于封育区,丰富度指数低于封育区。主坐标分析结果显示,不同生境的生物结皮细菌群落结构差异明显,而同一生境的生物结皮细菌群落结构相似。重金属As、Pb、土壤黏粒含量和pH是影响生物结皮细菌群落结构的主要土壤环境因子,人为活动是细菌群落结构变异的主要驱动因素。To explore the difference of bacterial community structure and diversity of biocrustal horizons and subsoil under different heavy metal pollution levels and the influencing factors,a mining area and an enclosed grassland with wide-spread biocrusts in eastern Ningxia were selected as study area,the algal and moss biocrusts were selected as study objects.High throughput sequencing technique was used to measure the difference of bacterial community structure and diversity of A horizon(biocrustal horizon)and B horizon(subsoil).The relationships between bacterial community structure and diversity and soil environmental factors were explored by the correlation analysis and redundancy analysis.The results indicated that:(1)compared with the enclosed grassland,the two kinds of biocrust in mining area had more significant surface enrichment effect of heavy metals derived from atmospheric dust fall,and demonstrated a significantly interspecific difference as followed Moss crust>Algal crust.Pollution load index indicated that the biocrusts in mining area had a higher pollution level and demonstrated as A horizon had a higher pollution level than B horizon.(2)The dominant bacterial community phylum in the two habitats were basically uniform,and relative abundances of which decreased in the order of Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria.Due to the influences of biocrust type and heavy metal pollution level,there were significant difference in bacterial community structure between the two habitats.It mainly demonstrated that the alpha indices in A and B horizons of algal crust were higher than those in the enclosed grassland,while the diversity indices in A and B horizons of moss crust in mining area were higher but the richness indices were lower than those in the enclosed grassland.The principal coordinate analysis indicated that the bacterial community structure of biocrusts in different habitats was differed while in the same habitat was similar.Heavy metal contents of As,Pb,soil clay particles contents,and pH we

关 键 词：生物结皮 细菌群落 重金属污染 高通量测序 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]