顶岗实习在我国大学生就业能力培养中的“制约效应”:表现与发生  

Internship s“Restricted Effect”on University Students Employability Training in China:Performance and Occurrence

作　　者：程国山 CHENG Guoshan(Department of Social Sciences,Ludong University,Yantai 264039,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学社会科学处,山东烟台264039

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第1期62-70,共9页Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“农村籍大学生职业地位获得的机制与社会支持研究”(20BSH127)。

摘　　要：顶岗实习所引发的大学生就业能力变化是复杂的,不仅存在“增值效应”,而且存在“制约效应”。自主性顶岗实习比强制性顶岗实习所引发的“制约效应”更为显著。在强制性顶岗实习中,高校和企业为实现各自的利益诉求自上而下的控制与学生自我提升受挫后自下而上的反控制再构了一个异化的实践共同体,“制约效应”由此而生;在自主性顶岗实习中,学生主体自觉性的缺位及动机偏离和高校的功利主义目的将实践共同体解构,进而派生出“制约效应”。该结果支持实习的复杂效应论假说。The employability change caused by internship is complicated,there existing not only“value-added effect”,but also“restricted effect”.The“restricted effect”triggered by a facultative internship is more significant than the one done by a mandatory internship.In the mandatory internship,a catabolic practice community is reconstructed by the universities and enterprises top-down control for their respective interest demands,and the students bottom-up inverse control for the failure of self-improvement,so the“restricted effect”arises.In the facultative internship,the students consciousness omission and motivation deviation,and the universities utilitarian purpose deconstruct the practice community,and then the“restricted effect”is derived inevitably.The result is consistent with the hypothesis of the internship complicated effect.

关 键 词：顶岗实习 就业能力 制约效应 大学生 

分 类 号：G424.4[文化科学—课程与教学论]