TEOS改性和长秸秆纤维取向对PP/SF复合材料性能的影响  

Effect of TEOS modification and long straw fiber orientation on properties of PP/SF composites

作　　者：阮芳涛 吴浩[1] 朱金伟 苏永生 陈焯琳[1] 王国峰 王洪杰 RUAN Fangtao;WU Hao;ZHU Jinwei;SU Yongsheng;CHEN Zhuolin;WANG Guofeng;WANG Hongjie(School of Textiles and Garment,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 241000,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 241000,China;Anhui Shangyuan Household Materials Co Ltd,Bozhou 236800,China;Anhui Key Laboratory of New Energy Automobile Lightweight Technology,Wuhu 241003,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学纺织服装学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]安徽工程大学机械工程学院,安徽芜湖241000 [3]安徽上元家居材料股份有限公司,安徽亳州236800 [4]新能源汽车轻量化技术安徽省重点实验室,安徽芜湖241003

出　　处：《中国塑料》2024年第2期14-19,共6页China Plastics

基　　金：新能源汽车轻量化技术安徽省重点实验室开放课题(AKL202102);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022a05020006);安徽省高等学校科学研究重大项目(2022AH040134);安徽工程大学科研项目制促进纺织服装类本科拔尖人才培养项目(FFBK202322)。

摘　　要：采用正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和氨水制备溶液凝胶后对秸秆纤维表面改性,研究了改性前后秸秆纤维(SF)化学成分、表面形貌和疏水性的变化。通过热压法制备了长秸秆纤维增强聚丙烯(PP/SF)复合材料,对比了溶液凝胶改性前后的长秸秆纤维制备的PP/SF复合材料力学强度变化。设计制备了秸秆排列取向分别为0°,15°,30°,45°,90°5种不同的PP/SF复合材料,研究了不同取向角度对复合材料的力学强度影响。实验结果表明:经过TEOS溶液凝胶法处理后的秸秆的表面沉积的SiO2微粒有助于提高秸秆纤维表面的疏水性和粗糙度,从而提升SF和PP之间的浸润性和相容性。和未处理的PP/SF相比,经过TEOS溶液凝胶法处理的PP/SF拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度分别提升了20.3%,11%和35.7%。纤维的取向角度对PP/SF复合材料的力学强度有很大的影响,秸秆纤维的取向方向和施加应力方向的角度越小,秸秆纤维更能发挥其增强效果,拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度越高。In this paper,tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)and ammonia were used to prepare a solution gel to modify the surface of straw fibers(SF).The changes in chemical composition,surface morphology and hydrophobicity of SF before and after the modification were investigated.Long-SF-reinforced polypropylene(PP)composites were prepared through hot pressing,and the mechanical strength of PP/SF composites before and after the solution gel modification of long SF were compared.The PP/SF composites were designed and prepared with five different straw orientations of 0°,15°,30°,45°and 90°,and the effects of orientation angle on the mechanical strength of the composites were investigated.The experimental results indicated that the SiO2 particles deposited on the surface of the TEOS-treated SF could help to improve the hydrophobicity and roughness of the fiber surface,thus enhancing the infiltration and compatibility between SF and PP.Compared to PP composite with untreated SF,the tensile,flexural,and impact strengths of the composites with TEOS-treated SF were improved by 20.3%,11%,and 35.7%,respectively.The orientation angle of the fibers has a great influence on the mechanical strength of PP/SF composites.The smaller the angle between the orientation di-rection of SF and the direction of the applied stress,the more can the SF exert their reinforcing effect,and the higher are the tensile,flexural and impact strengths.

关 键 词：麦秸秆 聚丙烯 溶液凝胶改性 取向角度 力学强度 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]