溶剂法脱萜制备水溶性姜精油工艺的实验研究  

Experimental study on preparation of water-soluble ginger essential oil by solvent-based de-terpene process

作　　者：吴豫平 刘治年 田弋夫[2] 余德顺[1,2] WU Yuping;LIU Zhinian;TIAN Yifu;YU Deshun(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学化学与化工学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,超临界流体技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第3期218-223,231,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：中国科学院科技扶贫项目(KFJ-FP-201803,KFJ-FP-202001)。

摘　　要：以超临界CO 2萃取贵州小黄姜所得的姜精油为原料,采用溶剂法脱萜制备水溶性姜精油。运用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术对姜精油挥发性成分进行定性和定量,结合气味活性值分析姜精油中挥发性成分对香气的贡献,确定分离目标脱萜物和保留目标香气物,以这两类物质组分的相对含量为考察指标,通过单因素试验得到最优工艺技术参数:70%(体积分数)丙二醇水溶液、离心转速6000 r/min及离心时间15 min、搅拌温度30℃及搅拌时间60 min、料液比(g∶mL)3∶20。在该工艺参数条件下制备的水溶性姜精油相比于原料姜精油的目标脱萜物相对含量从49.20%降低到36.75%,保留香气物从18.59%增加到25.70%。该研究为水溶性姜精油的制备提供了新的技术可行性,有助于拓展姜精油的市场应用空间和范围,并为天然植物精油脱萜制备水溶性精油提供了新的研究思路方法。The ginger essential oil obtained from supercritical CO 2 extraction of Guizhou small yellow ginger was used as raw material for the preparation of water-soluble ginger essential oil by solvent method of de-terpene.Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)was used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the volatile components of ginger essential oil,in combination with odor activity value(OAV),the contribution of volatile components in ginger essential oil to aroma was analyzed to determine the separation of target terpenoids and retention of target aroma.The relative content of these two components was taken as the index and the optimal technological parameters were obtained through single factor test,which were propylene glycol aqueous solution of 70%(volume fraction),centrifugal speed of 6000 r/min,centrifugal time of 15 min,stirring temperature of 30℃,stirring time of 60 min,and the material liquid ratio of 3∶20(g∶mL).Compared with the raw ginger essential oil,the relative content of the target diterpenoids of the water-soluble ginger essential oil prepared under the conditions of the process parameters was reduced from 49.20%to 36.75%,and the retained aroma compounds increased from 18.59%to 25.70%.This study provides a new technical feasibility for the preparation of water-soluble ginger essential oil,helps to expand the market application space and scope of ginger essential oil,and provides a new research idea and method for the preparation of water-soluble essential oil from natural plant essential oil.

关 键 词：生姜精油 脱萜 水溶性精油 溶剂法 气味活性值 

分 类 号：TQ654.2[化学工程—精细化工]