喀斯特石质生境高碳酸酐酶活性微生物筛选与分离  

Screening and isolation of carbonic anhydrase-producing microorganisms from rocky karst habitats

作　　者：常凯云 王忠诚[1] 魏晓梦 刘秋梅 赵津 赵杰 何寻阳[2] CHANG Kaiyun;WANG Zhongcheng;WEI Xiaomeng;LIU Qiumei;ZHAO Jin;ZHAO Jie;HE Xunyang(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西咸阳712100

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2023年第6期1202-1212,共11页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域联合重点项目(U20A2011);广西“八桂学者”项目。

摘　　要：喀斯特地区存在丰富的碳酸盐岩,是地球上最重要的碳库。碳酸酐酶(Carbonic anhydrase,CA)是地球上催化反应速率最快的几种酶之一,通过催化CO_(2)的水合反应,不仅可以促进碳酸盐岩的风化,还可以通过吸收大气中的CO_(2)来固定碳源。本研究目的是遴选喀斯特极度退化生境高CA活性菌株/菌群,探讨其用于喀斯特生态修复的可行性。利用碳酸钙培养基从喀斯特石质生境中分离筛选出产CA的菌株,并进行形态学观察、生理生化鉴定和分子生物学鉴定。通过CA活性的测定确定高CA活性的菌株,并比较单菌与多菌株组合群落的CA活性差异。利用碳酸钙培养基共分离得到产CA菌株6株,分别为耐药黄杆菌(Flavobacterium resistens)、食酸代尔夫特菌(Delftia acidovorans)、嗜根寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas rhizophila)、食油假单胞菌(Pseudomonas oleovorans)、洞穴农杆菌(Agrobacterium cavarae)、白色杆菌(Bacillus albus),其中嗜根寡养单胞菌的CA活性最高,且其与其它菌株组合后CA活性均降低,说明产CA微生物的竞争作用可能大于协同作用,且在极度寡营养环境中,该嗜根寡养单胞菌具有较大的应用潜力。In China,the total area of rocky desertification covers 1.01×107 hm2,accounting for 22.3%of the karst area.Nowadays,rocky desertification has become one of the three major land degradation problems in our country,which has seriously affected our economic development and environmental governance.Naturally,rock weathering in the karst area is so long that it takes from a few decades to a hundred years to form a centimeter think of red soil.Because the karst area is rich in calcium and barren in soil,ecological restoration of this area is urgent in both rocky desertification control and karst carbon sink.Carbonic Anhydrase(CA),one of the fastest catalyzing enzymes,can promote the weathering of carbonate rocks by accelerating the hydration reaction of CO_(2),thus providing soil matrices for plant colonization.At the same time,CA can also be used to absorb CO_(2) in the atmosphere to fix the carbon source,thereby participating in the carbon cycle process of karst dynamic system.The CA-producing microorganisms are considered to have good application prospects in the restoration of degraded karst habitats.However,for the target strains isolated from favorable habitat,their weak adaptability to the extreme environment may constrain them from exerting their expected effects.In order to select the strain with high CA activity in the extremely degraded karst habitat,CA-producing strains were isolated from the samples of severely degraded rocky karst habitats in this study.The study area is located in Hechi City,Guangxi Zhuang(23°41'-25°37'N,106°34'-109°09'E).It has a subtropical monsoon climate,with an average annual temperature of 16.9-21.5℃.The area is typically developed with karst,scattered with thin soil and highly exposed with rocks.From September to October 2021,four different habitat samples were collected,including lichen in the area with extreme rocky desertification weathered materials under moss,soil under moss,and weathered materials under moss in karst native forest.The source of isolation was a mixture

关 键 词：喀斯特 碳酸酐酶 碳循环 极度退化生境 石质生境 生态修复 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]