阿克达拉PM_(2.5)演变特征及与气象要素的相关性分析  

Evolution Characteristics of in Akdala and Its Correlation with Meteorological Elements

作　　者：王红 顾张杰 王丹[1] 庄晓翠[1] WANG Hong;GU Zhang-jie;WANG Dan;ZHUANG Xiao-cui(Altay Regional Weather Bureau,Xinjiang province,Altay,Xinjiang 836000,China)

机构地区：[1]阿勒泰地区气象局,新疆阿勒泰市836000

出　　处：《四川环境》2024年第1期8-15,共8页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：新疆气象科技创新发展基金项目(MS202203)。

摘　　要：为深入了解阿克达拉PM_(2.5)颗粒物污染,利用阿克达拉国家大气本底站颗粒物监测仪器GRIMM180观测的2010~2019年PM_(2.5)数浓度及台站的常规气象观测资料,用z-score法对PM_(2.5)数据标准化进行时间变化趋势分析,利用SPSS进行Pearson系数相关分析,能够客观反映出颗粒物浓度与气象要素间的共变趋势程度。结果表明:(1)10年中PM_(2.5)浓度整体上升7.15%。季节变化表现为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季的特征。秋季为明显右偏态分布其余季节对称分布,且冬季的变化性最大。月变化周期为13个月,呈现出“U”形起伏的变化规律。日变化呈现单峰的型式,且采暖期为非采暖期浓度2倍,呈现白天堆积晚上扩散的周期。(2)PM_(2.5)与风速、相对湿度和日照时长相关性最好,且在冬季表现最为显著。PM_(2.5)最高浓度风向为正南,阿克达拉主要污染物成分主要来自西北、偏西方向。风速为10m/s时为PM_(2.5)浓度明显转折点。夏季PM_(2.5)有降水时<无降水,冬季PM_(2.5)有降水时>无降水。日照有助于加速颗粒物运动速度,促进污染物扩散。In order to deeply understand the pollution of PM_(2.5)in Akdala,we used the data observed by the GRIMM180 from 2010 to 2019 and the conventional meteorological data observed at the station to analyze the change over time by using the z-score method and standardize the data about PM_(2.5).SPSS was used to analyze Pearson coefficient correlation,which could objectively reflect the covariant tendency between PM_(2.5)concentration and meteorological elements.The results indicated that:(1)Mass concentration of increased by 7.15%in 10 years.Seasonal variation was obvious,with the concentration decreasing in winter,spring,autumn and summer sequentially.The data obtained in spring,summer and winter was basically distributed symmetrically around the median,while in autumn,the distribution of water was significantly skewed to the right,and the greatest variation was seen in winter.The change cycle was 13 months,presenting a U-shaped fluctuation and a single-peak diurnal variation pattern.Mass concentration in the heating period was twice that in the non-heating period.PM_(2.5)accumulated during the day and diffused at night.(2)Mass concentration of was highly correlated with air speed,humidity and sunshine duration,which was the most noticeable in winter.Main pollutants in Akdala came from the northwest and west.Mass concentration of PM_(2.5)experienced the most dramatical change at air speed of 10m/s.When there was precipitation in summer,mass concentration of PM_(2.5)was less than that when there was no precipitation,and the opposite was true in winter.Sunshine helped accelerate the movement of particles and speeded up the diffusion of pollutants.

关 键 词：阿克达拉 PM_(2.5) 气象要素 相关性 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]